Vol. 17 No. 1 (2024)

The article studies the formation of management thought in China: from the period of ancient kingdoms to the present day. The study is based on papers by thinkers and philosophers, works by leading scholars, political and public leaders having studied the phenomenon of management. The works by Chinese thinkers and scholars have been covering the problems of management in details for many centuries being a support and guide in matters of morality, fair and successful management. The article considers the major ideas of leading socio-logical and philosophical schools and also the ideas by outstanding thinkers, public and political figures. It formulates the main stages in the development of Chinese management, in particular, the stages of the formation and development of the Marxist management ideology under the conditions of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. An important fact is one of the main leitmotifs of the Chinese management of at all times: “The people is the basis of the state”, making the results of the study relevant for improving the system of domestic state governance, society and business.

The standard of living of the population refl the current socio-economic situation in the country. During periods of global fi crises and restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it becomes relevant to analyze human living standards and the impact of these negative factors on the social living conditions of the population. This paper examines the income of employees received from employers for 2014-2023 as the most signifi indicator of the standard of living of the population. Based on the results of the study, a constant and stable increase in the income of hired employees was revealed in the period under review. The analysis has shown that the hourly part-time wages of employees are approximately 20-25% lower than the wages for similar work during a full-time workweek. Employers impose some discrimination against employees who work temporarily or part-time. This is especially noticeable in industries where the work of temporary employees and part-time workers is most popular.

At present, Heilongjiang Province has intensified cooperation with Russia, achieved new developments and new changes in the development of economy and trade with Russia. Not only has the scale of trade with Russia expanded, the structure of trade has been optimized, but the level of construction of transport channels with Russia has also increased. Although Heilongjiang Province has achieved positive results in developing trade and economic cooperation with Russia, there are still some problems that hinder the deepening and improvement of the quality of cooperation with Russia due to the influence of the industrial base and the international situation.

The article discusses the problems of development of the investment and construction complex in the Primorsky Territory. It offers the defi of the investment and construction complex of the region as a certain set of economic entities and identifi the factors limiting the development of the investment and construction complex of the region. The need for strategic planning of the investment and construction complex, which is the most important tool for ensuring its sustainable development has been substantiated. The article makes a medium-term forecast of the dynamics of the Primorsky Territory investment and construction complex in order to identify and assess the problems of its functioning as well as to form adequate mechanisms of state support for its development.

This article studies features of implementation of such instrument for strategic spatial planning in the Russian Far East as territories of advanced development (TAD). The authors present the stratifi of created TAD within subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District and identify prerequisites for TAD creation and its distinctive features. The authors also show features of the formation of TAD in the Far Eastern Federal District in the sectoral context, analyze the performance dynamics of TAD functioning indicators, and identify leaders and outsiders in achieving planned targets in terms of investment and number of provided jobs. As well, the role of foreign investors and results of their activities in the development of the Russian Far East within TAD are determined. The factors hindering functioning and development of TAD in the Russian Far East in general and in the Khabarovsk Territory in particular are identifi The authors of the article summarize the results of the nine-year period of functioning of TAD in the Russian Far East, defi strategic guidelines for regional development. The effects of functioning of TAD of the Khabarovsk Territory are presented, the structure of funding sources is analyzed, functioning problems and obstacles are identifi

The economic availability of food, being a form of manifestation of the food security in the state and its regions, characterizes the population’s ability to consume a suffi amount of safe and high-calorie food. The Khabarovsk Territory belongs to the regions with extreme natural conditions that impede the development of agriculture and the production of many food products. Therefore, the problem of providing the population with food is quite acute. The author carries out the analysis of methodological approaches to assessing the economic availability of food, used for cross-country and interregional comparison. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of economic accessibility of food in the Khabarovsk Territory. To achieve the goal, the author suggests a set of fi indicators, a methodology for calculating the level of economic accessibility of food and evaluation criteria. The technique is distinguished by its relative simplicity, availability of the necessary statistical data and the possibility of application for interregional comparisons. The study was carried out using methods of systemic and comparative analysis and scoring. The dynamics of indicators characterizing the level of economic accessibility of food has been analyzed. The values of three of the fi indicators of economic accessibility of food (purchasing power of cash income of the population, share of population's expenditure on food and the Gini coeffi in the region are consistently at a low level. The results of the study indicate that fundamental changes in the state food security policy and the measures for accelerated import substitution have not yet led to an increase in the level of economic availability of food in the Khabarovsk Territory.

The assess of the basis, prospects and characteristics of the mobilization nature of scientifi and technological development in Russia is necessary for further research and analysis of the effectiveness of the state efforts and measures to achieve the goals of the Strategy of Scientifi and Technological Development. Sanctions pressure and forced disruption of production chains and innovation cycles, the problems of the development of science and technology within the country are becoming particularly acute and require balanced and progressive measures to solve them. The conclusions of the authors are of scientifi and practical interest for researchers and the general public and can be used in further research, as well as in the practical activities of the authorities. The authors assess the groundwork and point out the prospects of scientifi and technological development of the country. The methodology of the article is based on the theory of mobilization economy, comparative and empirical as well as structural analysis. The general result of these approaches is the development of the theory of mobilization economy in conditions of sanctions pressure as a new reason for turning to the mobilization type of development, as well as the formation of special conditions for the mobilization development of scientifi and technological sphere on the basis of a set of reserves and prospects of scientifi and technological development. The aim of the article is to investigate the reserves of scientifi and technological development as a transient complex of productive dominants to ensure the continuity of scientifi and technological development. The article also points out the conditions of their applicability in connection with the priorities of scientifi and technological development at the new stage of mobilization development of the scientifi and technological sphere under sanctions pressure. The authors make a conclusion about the regularity and validity of giving mobilization character to the scientifi and technological development of the country in the medium term on the basis of the special conditions of mobilization development in the scientifi and technological sphere. The authors also state that the content of government infl and the volume of resources concentrated in the fi of science and technology must be changed.

The increasing role of the quality of human resources for the modern economy, including one of its constituent parts - the creative economy based on knowledge, creativity and intelligence of people, determines the need for targeted development of human capital based on scientifi sound management decisions, the effectiveness of which must be able to plan and measure. When forming and implementing programs for the socio-economic development of regions, it is necessary to plan and monitor the results achieved through specially selected indicators. In the case of purposeful development of human capital, it is quite diffi to fi adequate indicators due to the complexity of the nature of the object of measurement and the remoteness of tangible results, which, as a rule, go beyond the time frame of the planning horizon. Such a management problem is very relevant for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), today it is intensively developing a creative economy, and therefore human capital for it. The analysis of existing methods for measuring the quality of human resources from the point of view of applicability to measuring the effectiveness of some regional practices of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the development of human potential and creative economy, recognized as the best at the Russian level, reveals the problem of the lack of currently generally recognized methods for selecting and calculating human potential quality indicators based on objective reliable data, which It is possible to operate when making management decisions for the purpose of socio-economic development of the region.

The authors of the article present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the concept of the Khabarovsk residents’ involvement into territorial public self-government (TPSG) processes. A comparative analysis of consciousness and behavior of two categories of Khabarovsk residents (living and not living in houses with TPSG) carried out on the basis of a sociological research results allows authors to assert that residents living in houses with TPSG are more active and more involved into their house social live: they demonstrate a greater desire to be involved into competitions of TPSG projects, they are more likely to show their concern and involvement in solving problems of improvement of their yard territory, they are more likely to help by fi and material resources to create infrastructural projects, they are ready to take part in projects by personal contribution, they are more careful about projects created by their own hands in their backyard. Therefore, the main conclusion of the study: the development of TPSG can signifi increase residents’ social activity. In modern conditions, TPSG is the most successful tool for joint (local government and residents) solving of problems of yard territorial improvement. So, the TPSG improvement programs development in cities and towns is the most important strategic task of local governments and state authorities that includes involving of residents into processes of solving issues of local importance and increasing residents’ trust in local governments and public associations, because trust is fundamental for the development of society.

The article examines the problems of the civil society formation in the modern Russian state, having arisen due to the COVID-19 pandemic, conducting the special military operation and their impact on changing the foundations of the civil society. The objectives of the study are to consider how the change in the socio- political situation, the pressure of the West and unfriendly countries affects the fundamental indicators of the Russian civil society, such as democracy, spirituality, political consciousness, etc. The authors present their opinion on the history of the civil society development and its place in the human civilization. Based on methodological approaches, the historical analysis of the formation of civil society, the correlation of the main manifestations of power and civil society are given. New features of modern civilization, their content and directions of development are outlined. A factor analysis of the process of formation and functioning of the structure of civil society in modern Russia is carried out. The authors separately highlight the importance of the role of science in the development of the civil society. Considering the main problems of the civil society formation in modern Russia, the authors consider it advisable to continue improving the state educational policy at all levels and directions.

The paper examines the condition of the modern family institution. The choice of the subject and the object of research are caused by significance of the family institution in the stable society functioning. The future of Russia and overcoming problems at its modern turning point depend on how successful the family will be fulfilling its priority functions of socializing the younger generation, keeping and providing the traditional moral guidelines. Theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the concept of social institutions, in particular the family institute, presented in the works by domestic and foreign researchers, representatives of various scientific fields, the conclusions are formulated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of institutional changes in the family from the standpoint of the crisis approach. Based on a secondary analysis of official statistics on the status of marriages, divorces, fertility data, it was concluded that the crisis nature of the changes is manifested primarily in the deformation of the fundamental function of the family - reproductive. The modern social policy of the state is stated to make young people be family free. The results of sociological study conducted by the in-depth interview method are presented in order to identify the place and the role of family values among the student youth, their compliance with the real needs of the Russian society. Young people have proven to have a positive social potential for creating a family, while at the same time there is a predominance of individualization and the priority of self-realization before responsibility for creating family and growing children. The obtained data can be used to work with young people, to develop special courses of university programs, as well as to research the field of family and marriage.

The article studies the values of modern families, their infl on the younger generation, the features of child-parent relationship and moral orientations of children, adolescents, and young people. While studying the topic the author found out that at the micro level of relationship there is a decline in the old traditions of family education and a family crisis, as well as psycho-emotional stress in the younger generation. At the macro level, modern children, teenagers, and young people are completely dependent on the condition in which they live, which in turn affects their self-determination in life. The article proves the need and expediency of implementing the author's developed programs aimed at harmonizing the parent-child relationship, forming a holistic and harmonious personality of a child who is aware of his/her place in the world and knows what it means to “be an adult”. These programs also help children and young people form ideas about important social and moral norms of life in relationship within the family and strengthen trusting relationship.

The Russian Far-Eastern territories, including the Khabarovsk Territory, are characterized by migration fl of the population. Motivating factor is a desire of a particular citizen or a family to increase the level of available benefi Availability of services of the primary health care organizations is an integral criterion for the life quality. The article notes that current stage of development of the health care system includes a planned systematic approach to modernization of the primary health care, by expanding the network of such institutions, including rural areas. Placement of such facilities in accordance with the established standards characterizes rational territorial planning in the healthcare sector. This article analyzes actual placement of the primary health care facilities in the rural areas using the example of the Khabarovsk municipal district of the Khabarovsk Territory in compliance with the requirements of standards in relation to the planned program documents in the fi of modernization of primary health care. The article has covered the issue dealing with a qualitatively new approach to modernization of the primary health care; implementation of activities (including the investment projects) within the framework of national project «Healthcare» yields positive results.

A large organization, not only as an economic entity, but also as a system that is an active participant in public life, basically has a great social dependence - both in internal and external aspects. This dependence should be expressed as a kind of complex social condition, thanks to which the very fact of the organization’s existence, including a large one, is possible. Reliance on social life and constant participation in it makes it possible to present a large organization as a key player in cultural life - the lives of its employees, representatives of the organization’s management and all persons interacting with the company in one way or another - due to its enlarged positioning, the level of interaction is built at the national and global levels. A large company, as a part of culture in general and management culture in particular, concentrates various values that are distributed in an organized or chaotic way in social contacts between employees and customers. Therefore, value exchange, as a guarantee of the existence of an effective internal culture of a large organization, should be determined by itself through effi consistency (perhaps even relative), as well as through humanism - the fundamental quality of culture as a factor of ensuring the presence of human morality in the needed cultural process. Thus, the uniqueness of the links between managerial culture as an original kind of culture and a large organization, which may situationally represent a similar property, consists in the problem of mutual acceptance of socio-economic values that force both culture and companies to be on the verge of a polar collision of material and spiritual value orientations.