Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024)

The purpose of the study is to assess the factors of growth of the Russian Far East (RFE) and the Khabarovsk Territory in 2000-2021. The article shows that in the long term, the rates of economic growth of the RFE and the Khabarovsk Territory lagged behind as a whole, despite the high rates of capital growth and the signifi openness of their economies. The assessment of the production function indicated that in order to maintain growth rates, the RFE’s economy required high rates of capital growth, and the negative growth rates of labor were compensated by other factors. It was determined that capital and neutral technological progress formed the overall positive dynamics of the RFE economy, and trade was its important addition. It was found that the share of trade with foreign countries in the RFE’s economic growth was almost twice as large as trade with the domestic market. Unlike the RFE, to maintain economic growth in the Khabarovsk Territory a smaller increase in capital and labor was needed. At the same time, the economic growth of the Khabarovsk Territory was generated mainly by capital and trade. It was found that the share of trade with foreign countries in the economic growth of the Khabarovsk Territory exceeded the share of trade with the domestic market. It was determined that a large-scale export with low added value had a relatively small impact on the economic growth of the RFE and the Khabarovsk Territory, while import had a noticeable impact on it. It is assumed that with the shift of the country’s economic activity to the East, the role of South regions of the RFE (including the Khabarovsk Territory) as an “intermediary” between domestic and foreign markets may allow them to use their existing advantages to accelerate their economic growth.

The article studies the methods of state stimulation of transport development at the present stage. Under the conditions of the «Turn to the East» and geopolitical changes occurring since 2022, Russia's foreign trade fl are being reoriented from European to southern and eastern directions. This has increased the workload of the Far East transportation complex, which provides Russia's access to the markets of Asia-Pacifi Region countries (primarily PRC). The increasing scale of cargo fl revealed imbalances in the operation of transportation and aggravated the issue of infrastructure development. The state has developed a system of measures to stimulate the development of transportation. The article suggests their grouping based on the object of infl market segment and form of regulation. It has shown that the state uses various mechanisms to stimulate private investment in infrastructure development: public-private partnership (PPP), infrastructure bonds, budget loans, etc. The article presents the application of public-private partnerships (PPP) in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) in the fi of transport: 16 projects are being implemented, the total investment capacity of which amounts to 223.0 billion rubles. The analysis of the project structure allowed to identify their peculiarities. PPPs are used to implement projects signifi for the integrated development of transport in the macro-region, characterized by a signifi investment capacity and a long payback period. Examples of such projects are the construction of the cross-border road bridge Blagoveshchensk (RF) - Heihe (PRC), modernization of the international airport «Khabarovsk» (New) named after G. I. Nevelskoy. In general, when implementing PPP projects in the field of transportation, the key role remains with the state, which degree of participation is increasing due to a number of factors: 1) increase in the number of projects in which public sector companies (established by government agencies or development corporations) act as concessionaire; 2) expansion of support mechanisms applied.

The article is devoted to the analysis of demographic dynamics of the Far East and its constituent entities over the past decade. It is shown that the time period under consideration, despite active measures on the part of the federal and regional authorities aimed at the socio-economic development of the macroregion and improving the demographic situation, was characterized by the persistence of downward population dynamics. An assessment is made of the components that determine the nature of demographic dynamics. A classifi of Far Eastern subjects according to the type of demographic dynamics and its components is given. It is shown that belonging of the Far-Eastern subjects to one or another type of demographic dynamics is quite stable over time. Demographic forecast data for the period up to 2046 indicate that in the future there will be no fundamental changes in distribution of the Far-Eastern subjects according to the nature of demographic dynamics.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the regional system of supporting the development of small businesses in the Primorsky Territory. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set and solved in the article: the place and the role of small business in the modern economy have been characterized; the criteria for classifying business entities as small businesses have been identifi in accordance with the current legislation; specifi features of the development of Russian small business have been identifi the leading place of the Primorsky Territory among the regions of the Far-Eastern.Federal District in the development of small businesses has been shown; the problems of small business development in the region have been substantiated. The author of the article reveals the system of measures used in the Primorsky Territory to support small businesses. In conclusion, it has been proved that the region has a comprehensive system of institutions for state support of entrepreneurial activity.

The study is based on the hypothesis that the implementation of artifi intelligence into the real sector of economy is inevitable. The authors consider the regulatory framework of artifi intelligence as well as its historical aspects. The basic trajectories of the artifi intelligence implementation on the example of the food industry (modeling and optimizing food technologies, identifi assessing the quality and safety of food products) are indicated. It was noted that the prerequisite for implementation of artifi intelligence technologies in the food industry is a clearly outlined transition from mass nutrition to personalized, associated with the production of mainly combined products of complex ingredient and chemical composition. Applying of artifi intelligence technologies can signifi optimize the resource of time, increase the effi and accuracy of purchases, help reduce the cost of purchasing products, eliminate biases in decision- making, and provide the most personalized recommendations for buying goods. The study results include the analysis of Russian and foreign scientists researches in the fi of artifi intelligence and its application in the food industry. The research methodology is based on such theoretical methods as comparison, analysis, systematization, deduction, abstraction, and generalization. The article also reveals legal and conceptual aspects of artifi intelligence application, its advantages and possibilities, considers promising areas for further penetration of artifi intelligence in the food industry.

In the article the authors prove the relevance of developing environmental responsibility management in the context of social responsibility of scientifi institutions in Russia. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that till today the experience and problems of introducing relevant activities in scientifi institutions of the Russian Federation have not been properly studied. A complex of general scientifi (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and specifi scientifi research methods (comparative analysis, content analysis and in-depth interview) were used in the work. The following results were obtained: it was revealed that in practical activities scientifi institutions create a certain burden on the natural environment and their functioning creates specifi environmental risks. The authors consider the experience of managing environmental responsibility of 98 scientifi institutions in Russia based on website materials. It was established that, on the one hand, most scientifi institutions publish materials that in one way or another show a responsible attitude towards environmental problems, including taking into account the real and potential harm caused in the process of research activities. On the other hand, the specifi formulation of environmental policy of a scientifi institution is still an extremely rare phenomenon. Taking into account the best Russian and international experience, the authors propose the foundations of a systematic approach to establishing environmental responsibility management in Russian scientifi institutions, aimed at comprehensively improving the effi of social management. In the conclusion it is stated that environmental responsibility, combined with the effectiveness of social management of a scientifi institution, is an important aspect of sustainable development and insurance of favorable environment. The introduction of a systematic approach to managing environmental responsibility in scientifi institutions allows us to achieve the following results: preservation of the environment; improvement of the scientifi institutions’ social image; improvement of the quality and effectiveness of scientifi research; improvement of social interaction with the public and the stakeholders.

Interest in the Arctic agenda is caused by many factors, such as climate change, access to natural resources, geopolitical and economic transformation, the importance of preserving the unique culture and way of life of small indigenous peoples, as well as Arctic scientifi research. Exploring these issues can help us fi ways to adapt to changes in the Arctic and minimize negative impacts. On the other hand, the huge potential of the Arctic requires new approaches and solutions to overcome the consequences of the resource curse. The purpose of the study is to analyze kreatospherer ecosystems, determining key development determinants for the Russian Arctic. The paper uses synthesis methods, comparative analysis, generalizations, logical analysis of data and evaluation of parameters. The methodology of the study includes the study of theoretical approaches to the spatial development of the ethnoeconomics of the Arctic region, approaches to the study of creative industries and creative economy in the context of digitalization. The study identifi positive and negative determinants affecting the kreatosphere ecosystem in the Arctic. The negative ones include the lack of interest of direct investors in the creative industries in these territories and the negative impact of the crisis and sanctions against the Russian Federation on the state budget and the possibility of implementing projects in the development of the creative economy in the territory under consideration at the expense of budgetary resources. Among the most important factors of positive infl one can mention the state interest in the development of the Arctic territories. The conclusion is that the kreatosphere in the Arctic of Russia is a set of creative sectors of the economy, which have the potential to become a source of development of the Arctic region.

The paper presents the relevance of environmental problems in modern society. In particular, the urgent environmental crises of the Khabarovsk Territory are analyzed. The study considers the pollution of the shores of all water bodies of the region and adjacent water areas with household garbage. The paper provides information on the measures taken by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Khabarovsk Territory to form ecological awareness of the population. An overview of the quantitative indicators of the campaign «Water of Russia» for three years in the Khabarovsk Territory is provided. The paper also includes other environmental actions carried out within the framework of the regional Eco-marathon. We are also talking about the fact that environmental safety is one of the fi subsystems included in the national security system of the Russian Federation. The need to turn public consciousness towards environmental friendliness is justifi the level of consciousness being characterized by high responsibility for actions concerning the environment. Different approaches to the concept of «ecological consciousness» are considered, clarifying the meaning of the term. The indicator of the formation of ecological consciousness is the participation of citizens in eco-volunteer activities. The authors believe that constant work can help to form environmentally responsible public consciousness. The study is feasible in an educational, scientifi campaigning and business environment. It is important to provide information support and promotion of eco-volunteer actions, as well as stimulating and encouraging events. The apper uses methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization. In conclusion, voluntary environmental public associations create the basis for the formation of sustainable environmental awareness, not only among young people, but also in the professional sphere.

The article analyses the situation concerning the transformation of the teacher's status under modern conditions. Changes associated with reconsidering the value of education as a whole place the status of the teacher in a contradictory position. On the one hand, the long-term conditions of the pandemic have demonstrated the need to create a new methodological system for all forms of education, thereby providing new requirements to the personality and professional level of the teacher. On the other hand, the personnel shortage of teaching staff limits the process of adopting the system of a new personality meeting modern educational challenges and demands. At the same time, scientifi discussions remain valid about what exactly a modern teacher should be like so that his image, students and parents' trust begin growing. Today, image is becoming the main attribute of social and professional relations. In pedagogical activity, the processes of creating a professional image, which consists of individual's assimilation and reproduction of social experience, are becoming increasingly relevant. Connected with the rethinking of the processes of professional self-determination and formation, there is a need to analyze professional competencies in the context of training a future teacher. In many ways, the professional activity of a teacher involves constructive interaction with the subjects of the educational process: with colleagues, students and their parents. The way interactions are built and contacts are established let us make conclusions about the professional qualities of a teacher. Ushinsky: «The teacher is a key fi in the reform of education, in the matter of teaching and upbringing, nothing can be improved in the entire school business without bypassing the head of the teacher» [Egorychev, 1993. P.79]. At the same time, along with classical criteria, the image of a modern teacher is also determined by compliance with new requirements, namely, the presence of emotional intelligence and its correct projection onto students, taking into account their requests and social needs. It is advisable to lay the vector at the stage of mastering higher pedagogical education, systematically changing educational programs of training future teachers. The paper reveals issues related to the image characteristics of the status of a modern teacher, based on empirical assessments of the main subjects of the educational process. The promise of scientifi understanding of the issue is noted, along with growing interest in the search for optimal mechanisms aimed at increasing the role and signifi of the teaching profession under modern conditions.

The article presents the results of the assessment of the state cultural institution’s image on the example of the Khabarovsk Regional Musical Theater, its external and internal context. They refl the images of cultural institutions of the regional center that have been developed in public opinion, obtained through a pilot survey of the target audience - recipients of their services, their needs, preferences, expectations and requirements, as well as ratings of competitors on information portals. As a result of the study, it was found that the image is an important competitive advantage of cultural institutions and has a signifi impact on their overall activities and success in the market. It is worth noting, that it is important for cultural institutions to pursue an effective policy on the formation and management of reputation and corporate image, using available technologies, tools, means and resources for this purpose. The analysis of the Khabarovsk Musical Theater's external image showed that it contributes to the stable leadership position that the Theater occupies in the market of cultural and leisure services of the Khabarovsk Territory. Therefore, in order to maintain and strengthen the image, it is necessary to continue to adhere to the current reputation concept, while taking into account the interest of the audience in the variety of cultural events held by the Theater. To strengthen the internal image of the Theater, the management of the institution needs to pay attention to the development of corporate culture and fi support for employees.

The economic results of the territories of advanced development (TAD) of the Khabarovsk Territory are the subject of the article. Residents of the territories carry out economic activities refl in four main aspects: investment, export, fi and formation of the labor market. Based on the analysis of specifi indicators the author concluded that the impact of investments in fi assets in regional processes of the TAD is increasing. The insignifi infl of the TAD on the functioning of the labor market has been established due to the demographic problems of the Khabarovsk Territory (a decrease in the population and an increase in migration outfl as well as incomplete fulfi by residents of the TAD of planned indicators for job creation. It was noted that stimulation by regional authorities of the TAD’s residents export activities, as well as application of customs procedures of the free customs zone, led to positive results - an increase in the share of net exports of the TAD in regional indicators. The dynamics of the share of payments by residents of the TAD in the revenues of the consolidated budget of the Khabarovsk Territory is studied. It is determined that an insignifi share of payments to the regional budget is explained by the fact that the activities of the TAD have not reached full capacity (comparing planned and actual achieved indicators - concluded agreements, investments, and jobs created). Based on the generalization of the economic results, it is concluded that the presence of TAD in the economy of the Khabarovsk Territory is growing.

The article examines modern mechanisms for ensuring the accessibility of additional education for children in the context of the implementation of the state policy priority area. The analysis of theoretical approaches to the problem is illustrated by the data of the federal statistical observation of recent years and the results of the All-Russian survey on the development of additional education for schoolchildren and their parents. The presented data refl not only the state of development of additional education, but also the dynamics of the processes in this area, which allows the author to draw scientifi sound conclusions on the development of the system of additional education for children.