Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021)

The development and formation of export potential is a priority for development of the economy of many countries. Of particular importance to foreign trade activity is the export of products, goods, which affects the formation and development of socio-economic situation of the state, the region. Export policy becomes the basis for the formation of external and internal economic potential of the country, importance of which lies in the formation of «future» of the economy: establishment of priority areas, building and improvement of the export-economic relations. This article reflects the prospects for formation of the export-oriented model as a direction for increasing the export potential of the Khabarovsk territory forest complex. The main prospects for formation and development of exports of competitive products at the foreign markets are becoming the goal of economic policy of the Khabarovsk territory forest complex. The objectives of formation and development of competitive products’ export in foreign markets are: orientation of the main directions of development of the timber industry complex to support the business community; regulation of customs and tax policy; regulation of public administration in this area; establishment by the state authorities of priority areas in this area; development of programs and projects defining specific conditions and directions of development of the forest complex. The author, in this article, showed the priority directions for development of the Khabarovsk territory forest complex, identified ways to develop the export-oriented industries, showed the actions of the regional program, the level of development of the large-scale projects in the Khabarovsk territory forest complex, developed an exportoriented model as a way to increase the export potential of the region's forest complex. The essence of this model reflects the level of development of the investment climate of the region in the forest complex and the competitiveness of the products of the forest complex, focused on the domestic and foreign markets, in the impact of regional authorities on the level of formation of the export-oriented industries.

The relevance of the topic is primarily due to the fact that local government is one of the most important institutions of public relations. Its development has been a «cornerstone» in municipal science for many decades, since its inception. The article examines the main conceptual concepts of this phenomenon, developed by foreign and domestic authors, gives a step-by-step description of the formation of the Russian institution of local self-government. The actual development of local self-government at the present stage is shown through the analysis of legal documents. As a result of the study, conclusions were made about the imperfection of the legal framework in the field of governance at the local level. There was an urgent need for significant adjustments to the legislative framework related to the regulation and development of the institution of local government.

This article is devoted to the theme of application of experimental methods in public administration in the Russian Far East. The author shows specifics of this meta-region, the history of its development. The article shows the general concept of experiment in the public administration. The article focuses on the prospects for development of this region.

Formation in the Far East of the USSR in the 1970th of a large new center of the National Academy of Sciences created the preconditions for activating the processes of intellectual support and scientific support for the development of this territory. Of great importance for solving the applied regional problems was organization of a specialized Institute of Economic Research, which adopted as a program of activities, on the one hand, preparation of theoretical and methodological tools for the analysis and forecasting of spatial processes, and, on the other hand, the use of academic developments for solving national economic problems. For 50 years, practically in all strategic projects of regional development, ERI FEB RAS was one of the active participants. At the same time, it became an authoritative participant in international research carried out by scientific and expert organizations in the North-Eastern Asia countries and the Asia Pacific. Reputation of the established scientific school of spatial studies as one of the leading in the country has determined the Institute's key role in consolidating the scientific potential of the Far East and in increasing its effectiveness. At the same time, ERI FEB RAS has taken a leading position in training the highly qualified specialists for the region who works in academic, industrial and university science, state and municipal authorities, and large business structures. Recognition of the task of developing the Far East as a national priority of Russia for the long term gives a new impetus to the development of research in the region, expanding the possibilities for implementing the ideas of scientific school that has developed in the ERI FEB RAS, and improving the processes of modeling, forecasting and strategic management of the economy.

The authors proposed the approach for assessing the state and development potential of the macro-region. The specificity of the Far-Eastern macro-region is revealed in comparison with the other macro-regions of Russia. The assessment includes the natural and resource potential of the macro-region, the availability of infrastructure, the habitability of the territory as well as the indicators of economic and social development. Competitive advantages and limitations in the development of the Far East are presented. Proposals on the directions of implementation of the public policy of spatial development of the Far-Eastern macro-region, including the social and economic potential and the limiting factors, are formulated.

The pandemic shock manifested itself as a new phenomenon in the socio-economic dynamics, and thus necessitated a special reflection in the framework of the business cycle theory. In this study we present the results of theoretical positioning of a pandemic shock using the methodology of business cycle theory, in particular, using the principles of the impulse approach. To formulate conclusions, empirical data were used on the processes observed in 2020 in Russia, in the subsystems of supply and demand, in the system of state regulation. The conclusions obtained by the author can be used as sources for the formation of applied scientific problems for the continuation of research within the framework of the theory of business cycle at the post-industrial stage of socio-economic development. These conclusions include a statement of changes in the organization of labor and business operations, changes in the balance of mutual obligations of the parties to a social contract, conclusions about the emergence of new factors in the quality of human development.

New coronavirus pneumonia has had a significant impact on people's health and safety since the outbreak in the early 2020. The latest version of the new coronavirus pneumonia virus is still spreading around the world. China's public health system has passed a severe test: under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the joint efforts of people of all ethnic groups, China won a great victory in the anti-epidemic campaign. Nevertheless, the public health system has also identified some challenges that need to be actively addressed in the area of medicine and health during the prevention and control of epidemics. This article deals with these issues.

The subject of the article is the relationship between the parameters of the regional socio-economic system and the transport complex. Transport is a: 1) independent branch of the economy, 2) element of the regional infrastructure, providing conditions for functioning of the other branches of material production and the social sphere. The purpose of this article is to present methodological approaches to the study of needs of the regional socio-economic system in the transport services and to conduct experimental needs assessment on the example of the Khabarovsk territory. Methodology is presented as a set of sequential stages, including the analysis of features of the regional economy and transport, study of the relationship of their parameters. The structure of the economy and key indicators of the transport complex of the Khabarovsk territory are considered. Experimental assessment of the demand for freight transportation from the socio-economic system of the region using methods of econometric analysis was carried out. Models of simple linear regression vector and auto-regression vector are tested. The data on the volume of cargo transportation and cargo turnover for the period 1995–2019, as well as the index of industrial production and gross regional product were used. It is determined that linear regression does not allow obtaining meaningful and correct estimates. The vector auto-regression model shows a significant relationship between the indicators of the economy and the volume of rail transport, the general indicator of transportation, as well as cargo turnover by road (with a lag of one period), no significant connection with the road transport was found. The results obtained can become the basis for assessing the future needs for transport services, based on the future parameters of the economic development of the region. This will allow for timely and adequate development of transport infrastructure without turning it into a limitation of economic growth. In the future, it is necessary to detail the analysis by studying the relationship of need for transport services with the parameters of the functioning of individual sectors of the socio-economic system of the region.

Изучение различных методик оценки эффективности налогового контроля показывает, что используются одни и те же количественные показатели, характеризующие результаты налоговых проверок. Однако авторы по-разному группируют их в систему и с некоторой долей вариативности дают им определения и интерпретацию. Одни уделяют внимание разработке обобщающего показателя, а другие предлагают системный подход. Поэтому вопрос создания оптимальной системы показателей остаётся открытым. В данной статье автор предлагает и обосновывает систему показателей, которая позволит оперативно определять эффективность как выездного контроля налоговой инспекции, так и контрольной деятельности в целом. ; Ключевые слова: налоговый контроль, выездная налоговая проверка, методика оценки эффективности, система показателей оценки эффективности.

В статье рассмотрены основные экономико-математические модели, применяемые при принятии и реализации управленческих решений. Установлено, что начало принятия управленческого решения определяется характером решения управленческой проблемы: творческие и стандартные, реализация управленческого решения подчинена определенности результата, т. е. его вероятностным или детерминированным итогам. Порядок действий и моделирование процесса принятия и реализации управленческого решения будет носить линейный или нелинейный характер. На этой основе рассматриваются виды математических моделей решения управленческих проблем при принятии и реализации управленческого решения по оптимизации выбираемого варианта. Предложена авторская модель на основе двухфазной системы из теории очередей с элементами нелинейного программирования принятия и реализации управленческих решений в социально ориентированных предпринимательских структурах. Модель включает в себя сочетание линейного и нелинейного программирования, т. к. при ведении деятельности социально ориентированные предпринимательские структуры нацелены на получение двух видов эффектов как коммерческого, так и социального. ; Ключевые слова: управленческое решение, математическое моделирование, предпринимательство, управление, социальное предпринимательство.

The article analyzes the main development of the current stage of the reform of the public procurement system in the Russian Federation, which began in 2013. It is shown that since the beginning of the reform, the Russian procurement regulation system has made significant progress in terms of standardization and simplification of contractual relations, organization of processes and facilities. The experience of practical implementation of the contracting system is considered, the problems that have developed in the field of public procurement to date are identified. It is shown that the problems of organizing public procurement are not limited to corruption and the desire to give large contracts to “their” suppliers. An unresolved problem remains the need to maintain a balance of interests between ensuring procurement efficiency for the customer and providing contractors with competitive access to the competition for contracts. Unresolved this dilemma often turns budget savings into an end in itself, which reduces the effectiveness of the Russian contract system as a whole. The price and quality of products are different scales, which in modern reality are increasingly leaning towards economy. Hard-toreach and sparsely populated municipalities become especially vulnerable in this struggle. It is shown in the work that the named problems cannot be solved by mere «easing» or «toughening» of the provisions of the law. It is important, while maintaining the foundations of the current system, to focus on finding options that stimulate efficient spending of funds or, at least, prevent the growth of inefficiency in procurement. The conclusion is made about the need for a systematic evolution of the contract system, taking into account regional aspects. To do this, it is advisable to transfer the emphasis in the organization of public procurement from the regulation of the procurement procedures themselves to the formation of incentive (restraint) mechanisms for specific officials involved in the organization of procurement.

Based on the results of quantitative and qualitative sociological surveys, the article outlines the prospects for interaction between the police and people's guards in the Khabarovsk territory. On the one hand, the estimates of increase in the number and effectiveness of these law enforcement associations are shown, on the other, the directions for improving their activities in the region are given. The study showed that the main measures to optimize interaction of the people's guards with the police should be aimed at increasing the motivation and involvement of different segments of the population in the work of people's guards. The key areas of such work should be information and explanatory work in relation to the volunteers and volunteers with the active civic position, youth, primarily students, pensioners of power structures, employees of budgetary institutions and organizations, an increase in the level of material incentives for vigilantes and financial support of the people's guards, improvement of legal security of vigilantes, as well as changes in the ideological and motivational aspects of their activities.

The article analyzes measures of social protection of population determined by the state programs on the example of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Khabarovsk territory, Irkutsk and the Amur regions. The main idea is to show how certain categories of citizens receive certain measures of state support in the different constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with the current legislation. It is shown that the constituent entities of the Russian Federation provide for additional measures of social support within the framework of the state programs of social protection adopted by them. Attention is focused on the fact that in the Russian Federation, social support measures are provided on a mandatory basis to all citizens in need of this within the framework of available funding. However, the co-financing of regional programs from the federal budget is not equal to all constituent entities of the Russian Federation (by the example of those analyzed in the article), as a result of which they have unequal opportunities in the implementation of measures of social protection of the population.