Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025)

The article considers the use of labor resources in the transport system of the Far Eastern Federal District. Under the conditions of the “turn to the East” policy and geopolitical changes of recent years, there is a reorientation of Russia's foreign trade cargo fl from the European direction to Asian countries (primarily China). It determines the increasing importance of transport in the eastern regions. The paper aims at analyzing the dynamics of labor resources usage, representing one of the key factors in transport functioning. Based on the data of offi statistics for 2017-2023, the study shows the contradiction between the dynamics of employment and the volume of work of the FEFD transport. It also underlines that the emerging multidirectional trends (decrease in the number of labor resources with the growth of transport work) form risks for transport system stable functioning. The thesis is confi by the calculation of the structure similarity index (Salai index) for transport employment in the Far Eastern Federal District against the background of all-Russian indicators. The value of the index for the macro-region (0.063) shows an extremely low level of differences, which means that the dynamics of the structure of transport employment in the macro-region and the all-Russian structure are in high agreement. The fact is not positive considering the high importance of the macro-region's transport in the national transportation system at present. Ensuring stable operation of transport in the Far Eastern Federal District requires not only the development of infrastructure (which is being actively implemented nowadays), but also the solution of problems in the labor market. Further negative trends of personnel defi in transportation may become a key limiting factor for the economy of both the macro-region and the Russian Federation as a whole. The obtained conclusions and estimates are to justify managerial decisions regarding the problem of personnel formation in the transport system of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The article analyzes the long-term trend of demographic processes in the Russian Far East. It is shown that during 1991-2024, the demographic dynamics were characterized by high stability, maintaining a negative trend. Over a more than thirty- year period, the population of the Far East has decreased by a quarter with the average Russian indicator of 2%. Three groups of subjects are identified depending on the scale of demographic losses. The first, most favorable, was characterized by a decrease in the total population within 10% compared to 1991 (the Republics of Buryatia and Sakha (Yakutia). The second group was characterized by a significant loss of demographic potential during the analyzed period, about 70% of the population (Magadan Oblast, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug). The third group included all other Far Eastern entities, the population decline in which varied in the range of 20-40%. To identify the most unfavorable periods in the demographic development of the macroregion, the dynamics of total, natural and migration growth were analyzed. It was shown that 55% of the total population decline in the macroregion occurred in the first decade of the analyzed period. The bulk of the losses were due to a negative migration balance. In subsequent periods, the intensity of population decline decreased. Since 2020, the traditional structure of demographic dynamics factors for the macroregion has been transformed. Population decline was primarily a consequence of the negative performance of natural movement. Forecast estimates The prospective population size of the Far East indicates the continued leading role of natural processes, the negative impact of which will determine the reduction of the demographic potential.

Stabilization of the demographic situation and increase in the population in all subjects of the Russian Federation including the Far Eastern Federal District is one of the main conditions for ensuring the national security, preserving territorial integrity, as well as the successful socio-economic development of the Russian Far East. The subject of the study is the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) - the only one Far Eastern region of Russia with increasing of permanent population since 2014. The growth of the republic's population is achieved through natural increase mainly. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the demographic situation and problems that prevent demographic development in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The research is necessary to adjust measures for implementing regional demographic policy. The study has been conducted based on offi statistical data using methods of system and comparative analysis, tabular and graphical interpretation of data, and regression analysis. The analysis results of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) dynamics and structure are presented. The study allowed us to state that the values of many demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are better than in the Russian Far East and Russia, however, there is a number of problems of the demographic development of the Region: a high number of abortions and children born out of wedlock, a high level of unregistered marriages and mortality from external causes, migration outfl of the population, etc. It has not been possible to achieve the target values of the indicators set by authorities yet.

The article analyzes the dynamics of control and preventive measures in the subjects of the Russian Federation of the Far-Eastern Federal District in 2024. A growing trend in the number of verifi activities by both federal control bodies and regional supervisory authorities has been identifi Based on the author's methodology, an assessment of the level of administrative pressure on business in the context of territorial divisions of control bodies in the Far-Eastern Federal District was carried out by the end of 2024, on the basis of which a ranking of 121 territorial divisions of federal executive authorities carrying out control activities in the subjects of the Russian Federation of the Far-Eastern Federal District was conducted.

The purpose of study is to identify the directions of transformation of institutional structures and mechanisms of the Arctic Territories of the Russian Far East management on the basis of a number of international and domestic scientifi works analysis, as well as using the results of the author's earlier developments. As a concussion of the study, the author on theoretical and methodological level substantiates the need to form a «mesocluster» as a complex of specialized industries specifi for these Territories. It will act as a structure-forming basis for further institutional transformation in management of the Arctic Territories of the Russian Far East. The emphasis on solving specifi problems of coordinating formal and informal institutions in managing the development of the«mesocluster» and forming spatial-economic entity has been made.

The article considers the integration of sustainable development principles into the document system of region strategic planning. The subject of study includes theoretical and methodical aspects to apply sustainable development concept into practice on region level. The purpose of the study is to develop suggestion for improving approaches to strategic planning of region development. Sustainable development principles must be integrated at each stage. During the study, an analysis of the current state of applying sustainable development concept into strategic management in Russia was carried out. Some challenges and constraints were identifi The logical model of strategy planning is proposed for integration principles of sustainable development at all its stages and aligning goals on territorial, industrial and corporate levels. The model allows to apply a multi- scenario approach for prompt response to changing of external environments and optimal using of resources. Practical relevance of the obtained results provides the ability to use them for strategy updating of socio-economic development of regions. Proposed methodical approaches can be used by public authorities in the development of strategic planning documents and for setting up mechanism for monitoring and control their implementation. Applying this model will allow improve the effi of regional management and provide balanced economic and social growth of territories in sustainable development paradigm.

The paper presents the analysis of the concept of «accessibility» in relation to the system of institutions of additional education for children in Russian society, its legal and scientifi basis. The accessibility of additional education for children as a subject area of various researchers has been analyzed. It allows us to distinguish different types of accessibility (legal, social, economic, transport, information, etc.). The state educational policy has achieved a systematic character in ensuring accessibility, and it is institutionalized by the coverage of children in classes and clubs, fiand certifi of personalized additional education, licensing of training programs, and areas of educational activity. The authors analyze the additional education accessibility at schools and beyond in assessments of students of the Far Eastern Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It was found that additional education during a school period has infl positively on student’s personal development and the choice of professional higher learning. Most students generally have a positive opinion on the system of additional education for children, but they note a number of problems related to the accessibility of educational programs they are interested in, the fi capabilities of families, and the distance of educational institutions from their place of residence. The results of the research actualize the efforts of state and municipal authorities to resolve the persistent problems of accessibility of additional education for children, especially for children living in remote areas and regions.

The article addresses the issue of public awareness and its impact on the formation of attitudes and behavioral strategies in the fi of health preservation. The relevance of the topic is driven by the need to reduce socio-economic risks associated with the deterioration of public health and the transition from a purely medical paradigm to a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, in which the level of knowledge, awareness, and citizen engagement in health-related issues plays a crucial role. Theoretical foundations of the concept of “health preservation” are explored, emphasizing the importance of the informational factor in making decisions in favor of a healthy lifestyle, participating in preventive measures, and seeking timely medical care. The concept of “awareness” is interpreted as a combination of knowledge, beliefs, trust in information sources, and as an indicator of readiness for health-preserving behavior. Special attention is given to sources of health information, including offi medical channels, mass media, educational and corporate programs. Based on a sociological survey conducted among residents of Khabarovsk, current behavioral patterns, levels of awareness, and the degree of practical application of acquired knowledge are identifi Factors hindering the adoption of health-preserving practices-such as distrust of information, low motivation, and limited accessibility of preventive programs-are also revealed. The article concludes with the need to develop a regional information and communication policy in the fi of public health aimed at expanding reliable health information channels, increasing public awareness, and fostering a sustainable culture of health-preserving behavior. The fi can be used in the development and refi of regional programs for disease prevention and health promotion.

The article discusses the Russian system of support and stimulation of exports from the standpoint of the development of its constituting structure and applied tools in the context of external restrictions and severe anti-Russian sanctions pressure in the period from 2018 to 2024. The paper considers the effects obtained due to the intensifi of the activities of the Russian Export Center (REC) structures. The study concludes that the Russian system of government support for exports, precisely due to the correctly chosen priorities and targeted focus of support measures, showed positive dynamics in terms of key indicators facing external pressure. The accumulated experience of the effective use of tools being in demand by exporters is considered as an important way to increase the number of exporters from the small and medium-sized business sector.

This article analyzes the role of Rules of Origin in the integration strategy of the Republic of Korea, focusing on its signifi for the effective functioning of Free.Trade Agreements (FTAs). It explores the key aspects of the formation and application of these agreements, with particular emphasis on the unique approaches the Republic of Korea applies negotiating preferential trade agreements with various countries. An important element is the analysis of the Rules of Origin of goods that regulate which products fall under preferential tariffs, and also establish requirements for its origin. The paper primarily examines three core models of Rules of Origin used in integration projects: North American, Pan-European, and ASEAN. For each model, the article discusses the application of criteria such as tariff classifi changes, ad valorem percentage, and specifi processing, as well as practical examples of its usage in South Korea's integration architecture. Additionally, the paper analyzes different verifi methods for goods - direct, indirect, and combined - based on the contractual terms between FTAs participating countries. The research highlights how the Republic of Korea strategically combines these approaches to effectively expand its export opportunities safeguarding the interests of domestic producers and minimizing economic risks. The author emphasizes the importance of technical aspects in implemented integration projects for successful integration into the global economy and ensuring the country's economic security.

The article presents a structural analysis of the products of the forest industry complex of the Khabarovsk Territory, a comparative analysis of the dynamics of logging and wood processing in the region, and identifi the main reasons for the decline in the complex's indicators. The study revealed that the development of the forest industry complex of the region from 2013 to 2023 was based on the export-raw materials model, which forms a high dependence on the external market situation and other factors. An increase in customs duties on forest products, a ban on the export of unprocessed timber, together with international sanctions, became factors in the gradual abandonment of the export-raw materials model, but did not contribute to the rapid development of high-value-added products. During the period under review, no new capacities for deep wood processing were created in the region, which did not allow expanding the range of forest industry products, led to a decrease in logging indicators and increased dependence on the state of the external market situation. To overcome the current situation, the study considers two directions. The fi direction, raw materials, is focused on the development of the forestry complex of the Khabarovsk Territory through the introduction of new technologies for deep wood processing. The second direction, ecosystem, involves the development of forestry through the implementation of complex forest-climatic projects and, on their basis, the creation of private natural parks, recreation areas, and farms for the production of food and medicinal plants. The implementation of forest-climatic projects can give a positive economic effect through the receipt of carbon units and the expansion of the use of forest resources in the region. For the effective development of the forest complex of the Khabarovsk Territory, it is necessary to ensure the development of both raw materials and ecosystem directions through the integrated use of various forest benefits.

The article examines the indicators of social and political mobilization of urban communities in the context of urban development confl The study aims at identifying the distinctive features of mobilization processes in both online and offl environments. The methodological framework embraces case studies conducted in two Russian cities- Kemerovo and Krasnoyarsk - having implemented large-scale urban transformation projects within renovation and integrated territorial development programs. The paper focuses on digital forms of mobilization conducting a content analysis of user comments on social media platforms. The article proposes a typology of online and offl socio-political mobilization indicators: from digital reactions (petitions, comments, chat discussions) to offl actions (protests, legal actions, formation of grassroots initiative groups). The fi show that the intensity of mobilization ranges from fragmented digital responses to sustained legal and political activity, depending on residents’ level of awareness, the nature of their interactions with public authorities, and the symbolic signifi of the areas undergoing transformation. For instance, in Kemerovo, mobilization was predominantly digital and fragmented, whereas Krasnoyarsk showed pronounced offl activity and legislative influence.

This material presents an overview of reports and speeches of participants of the round table «Socio-economic development of the Russian Far East: priorities, mechanisms, achievements - the regional platform ( the Khabarovsk Territory) of the VII International Moscow Academic Economic Forum MAEF-2025. The results of discussion of modern regulation ensuring the development of the Far-Eastern region of Russia are shown, management tasks arising in practical activities and the expert proposals for their solution are considered.