Vol. 8 No. 3 (2015)

In the article development of leasing relations in the forest complex of the Russian Federation, on the example of the Khabarovsk territory is considered. One of the most important characteristics of sectors rent of the forest fund considered by us is the indicator "the specific weight of the forest fund which is in the long-term rent". Besides, in this article the level of participation of the tenants-forest -users in reproduction of the forest resources is analyzed. In our research we note that the average term of rent in the system of long-term forest exploitation is rather capacious and complex characteristic of development of the rent relations in the regions as the dynamics of this indicator testifies to stability in the system of forest relations and the favorable investment climate. Besides, efficiency of the rent forest exploitation from the point of view of the ratio of payments (income) and expenses of the forestry is analyzed. Within this article conclusions are drawn about the need of differentiation of the forest payments taking into account: a) depths and direction of the processing of wood and b) degrees of adaptability of the logging production for improvement of the rent relations.

In this article realization of one of the principles of functioning of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation – the principle of transparency (openness) of the budget is considered. One of the aspects of realization of this principle is giving to the citizens and business of information on budgets of different levels in open access, in a form, clear for perception. Thus, as one of the instruments of increase of budgetary literacy the budget for citizens can be considered. The vast majority of Russians don't show a great interest to promoting of information on the budgets of different levels. Thus, the relevance of solution of the problem of increase of the budgetary literacy level is represented obvious. The reasons of this problem and what measures can promote an increase of budgetary literacy are analyzed by the author of this article.

In the article the theoretical and practical aspects connected with the main problems of design of the model of competences of the graduate – the manager are considered. Within the approach of competences the concepts "competence and competence" are widely used. Creation of such models is connected with innovative processes in educational space of higher educational institutions. The model of competences of the graduate is the analog of its professional activity reflecting ultimate goals of training and education, character, conditions of work and the content of vocational training. The choice of such difficult creation of models is caused by the deep analysis of the target programs of training of specialists developed by educational institutions, the analysis of scientific literature, sociological researches of educational space.

In this article the questions of formation of boundary protection of the Soviet republic after the October revolution are considered. In 1917 the separate division of the boundary guards stopped its existence. Creation of the control system of protection of the frontier demanded decisions under the new political, economic and social conditions. The top management of RSFSR determined the way considering as new approaches in the organizations of defense and protection of the border, and the experience of previous generations. The developed circumstances formed the basis for a shift of a priority in protection of the frontier of the Soviet Russia from economic to the political. Centralization of the management, increase of the insistence and personal responsibility of the heads promoted establishment of an order on the border. The problems connected with interdepartmental dissociation of the authorities are reflected and also the ideas on its overcoming are given.

In this article the forms and methods of personnel work in the logging enterprises of the Far East during the VIII five-year period are revealed. Providing the logging industry with the highly qualified engineering personnel in the studied years was a difficult problem. On the concrete examples the forms of work on an increase in the number of graduates of the Khabarovsk polytechnic institute, and also sending by the central higher education institutions the young specialists in the Far-Eastern LPH and the work on their fixing on places are revealed. The activity for training of the mid-level workers at the timber schools, technical schools, to accumulation of their material base and number are analyzed.

The article describes the process of building and shaping the architectural appearance of cities in the south of the Amur governor-general in the late XIX – early XX centuries. On the basis of the archive sources and a wide range of scientific papers, the factors that led to the development of the Far-Eastern cities and change of their architectural appearance are highlighted. Also the transition from chaotic building to a planned type is shown and architectural forms of urban space and its evolution from the late XIX – early XX centuries are revealed. The article also reflects specific features of building of the Far-Eastern cities and their impact on the appearance of Asian culture due to the geopolitical situation of the Far-Eastern region of the Russian Empire, which determines the development of external trade relations, functioning in the investigated cities, foreign enterprises and residence of foreign nationals, mainly of representatives from the countries of Asia. The article marks difficulties in solving the housing problem and its impact on the urban outskirts. Basic trends of revitalization of the city authorities in solving the problems of urban development are described. Consideration of the questions of forming the architectural appearance of the cities is being studied through the prism of their social and cultural development.

Housing policy in the Khabarovsk territory during the period since 1939-1945 is shown in this article on the basis of archival materials. Social and economic development of the Far-Eastern region in the pre-military years was followed by significant increase in the population, experiencing difficulties in the domestic sphere. In the days of the Great Patriotic War when the rates of housing construction were sharply reduced, and the material and human resources were redistributed in the interests of war industry, housing problems of the population were solved only in the cases of an urgent need.

The article presents the comparative results of sociological studies of the condition and trends of the civic consciousness of the population of the Khabarovsk Territory in the years 2013 – 2014. As a determining factor in the formation and development of civil society the authors consider the phenomenon of social activity of the population, its role in the mechanisms of interaction between the authorities and society. According to the research there are three conventional forms of social activity: social, institutional and individual. Their share in the social structure of the regional community on the degree of involvement in some form of social activity, including in the organizational - legal (NGOs and the other civil society organizations) is given. Expert evaluations allow separate different models of the social activity of inhabitants of the region and the tendencies of its changes at the regional level.

This article examines the patterns of operating youth entrepreneurship policies as an effective way of encouraging the entry of young men and women in a region’s socio-economic sphere. The author states that developing the regional entrepreneurial potential of young people is an important factor of successful youth socialization and involvement in the regional socio-economic development. The author details mechanisms of managing entrepreneurial activity of young people, including the regional level management mechanisms.

In the article the concept "educational strategy" of modern student's youth as the choice on the basis of values and installations in education characterizing the practices in education, planning of the education are considered. On the basis of results of the author's sociological researches among the student's youth of higher education institutions of Penza (2014) and the polls of students of higher education institutions of the Volga region (The Penza and Saratov regions, the Republic of Mordovia 2015) motives of education, educational strategy of modern students are analyzed.

This article analyzes the influence of immediate social environment repre-sentatives – friends, acquaintances – on the flowing of narcotization among ado-lescents. The findings presented in the article based on the results of sociological research conducted in 2015 among students in the Khabarovsk city at the age of 14 – 18 years. Various aspects of the friends and acquaintances influence on the process of narcotization were empirically measured and considered, was found a significant negative role at the stage of interest formation to drugs and treatment for them. It is proved that one of the key factors stimulating the process and in-crease the level of narcotization is the presence in the near social environment of friends and acquaintances. They usually include in drug consumers environment and illegal drug trafficking, and actively promote drug culture’s norms and values among coevals, stimulate interest in drugs, offer them a try.

The article considers the characteristic species projects located in the part of the Criminal code on crimes against the person. The comparative analysis of these offences in the sphere of criminal law, Anglo-Saxon and continental legal systems is given.

The article considers the correlation of the terms "labor dispute" and "service dispute in the internal Affairs" in science and jurisprudence. The authors note that the regulation of public-service relationship differs from labor in that the participants generally have different scope and focus of power. The term "state service in bodies of internal Affairs" has not yet found wide application. The analysis of the terms "service dispute in the internal Affairs bodies" and "labor dispute" has the undoubted value of the relative linguistic representation of scientific theories associated with the expression of numerous conceptual structures of thinking that are activated in the process of creation and development of the theoretical framework of the service in bodies of internal Affairs. However, evidence of a semantic coincidence of the concepts of "labor dispute" and "service dispute" is not available. The most correct in terms of theoretical and practical legal discourse is the use of the terms "service dispute in the internal Affairs bodies" or "service-labor dispute".

The article considers the difficulties of linguistic expertise of controversial texts in the proceedings on defense of honor, dignity and business reputation. The practicing author reveals the basic directions of work of the expert linguist on the Article 152 of the Civil Code of Russian Federation. The article analyzes different forms and methods of linguistic expertise of texts: (lexical-semantic analysis, and others.). The author analyzes the most typical mistakes while carrying out this type of expertise on the Article 152 of the Civil Code of Russian Federation and points out different ways of excluding these errors.

This article is devoted to the questions of qualification of causing death on imprudence (Art. 109 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), evaluation of the subjective party of a crime. On the example of concrete criminal case by the author basic elements of the corpus delicti provided by are analyzed the 2nd part of the Article 109 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (further CC of RF). The author is solidary with the other researchers that the subjects of discretion in the criminal law (application of the criminal legislation) can act the body of inquiry, the chief of division of inquiry, the investigator, the head of investigative body, the investigator, the prosecutor, the court. Activity of these subjects is always dressed in a procedural form as their decisions on application of the criminal law are fixed in the procedural acts.

The article deals with the subjective side of criminal pollution of waters (Art. 250 of the Criminal Code). Currently, the literature and the practice of the Criminal Code there is no common understanding of mental attitude of the perpetrator to the committed crimes. This situation distorts the proper application of the article providing responsibility for the water pollution. On the basis of the scientists’s opinions and the judicial practice the author concludes about the subjective side of the criminal pollution of waters.

The constitutional conflict is considered in this article as a kind of social conflict, a form of interaction of the subjects of constitutional relations. On the basis of the offered signs the author determines the constitutional conflict as the collision (antagonism, counteraction) of the subjects of constitutional relations concerning the constitutional (main) rights and personal freedoms, the public (state) power, areas of jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation or the subjects of their joint jurisdiction, questions of the local value, powers of the public authorities or the local government, the territory of public institutions posing a threat to the fundamental constitutional values, norms and principles having the constitutional value (or breaking them) and mediated by the norms of constitutional right.

The article provides an overview about the main issues of the state protection, saving and the cultural heritage objects usage (monuments of history and art), located in Khabarovsk territory in the view of the current legislation. The article includes information about the quantities of cultural heritage objects, their types and categories, physical condition in comparison with the all-Russian data. The article raises the questions connected with accounting of the cultural heritage objects, appearing during the current registration process of the objects in the Unified State Register of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation Peoples, along with the problem of their identification. Some drawbacks of the current legislation about the cultural heritage objects are pointed out, considering the activity analysis in the field of State protection and monuments saving. One of the key problems of the cultural heritage objects state protection is the lack of finance for repair and restoration work. The problem is the mostly characteristic for block buildings with many flats. Analyzing the saving practice of history and culture memorials in Khabarovsk territory, the authors make a conclusion about the necessity of the further development of the legislation about cultural heritage objects protection by the way of expansion of the state-private partnership in the field.

The Far East always took an important place in the system of national security of Russia because of its special geopolitical status. The problem of modernization and strengthening of defense capability of the region, which actual today, was particularly acute for the Soviet state in the 1920th - the 1930th years. On the basis of unpublished contemporary records and memoirs of Komsomol members the author opens participation of the Komsomol organization in development of edge on the example of a city building of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, which became an important milestone in industrial development of the Far East. In article emphasized the special role of Komsomol mobilization for economic development of edge, reflected the contribution of Komsomol members to construction of the major industrial facilities: ship-building and aviation plants, noted severe conditions of work and life of young first builders. The author comes to a conclusion that the youth involved on the most responsible sites of construction became a support in realization of party governmental activities and the solution of social and economic problems of industrialization of the region.

Activity of the foreign intelligence structures against the Russian Empire at the end of the XIX century demanded taking measures. The mechanism of interaction of the bodies and departments of the Russian Empire was developed for the fight against espionage. The author of the article projects this order of interaction of the bodies and departments of the Russian Empire in the fight against espionage on the situation which developed at the end of the XIX century in the Priamursk general governorship and carries out the comparative analysis in particular of the acting order of interaction of the bodies and institutions in the western part of the Russian Empire with the organization and order of its application in the Far East. On the basis of it the author of this article determines the problems of organization of the creation of mechanism of interaction of the Russian bodies and departments in the Far East in the fight against espionage in the Priamursk general governorship and marks out distinctive features of its organization in this region prior to the Russian-Japanese war of 1904 – 1905.

The article is devoted to the history of practical training of the students of engineering specialties in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Changes in the organization of preparation of the students are shown in this article on the basis of the legislation of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. In the article the basic principles, forms and methods of practical training in technical universities in the period from 30th to 90th of the XX century is analyzed. The article described the relationship of changes in the socio-economic conditions and development approaches to the practical training of engineers in the USSR and the Russian Federation in the given period. The degree of legislative preparation of the problemsof practical training of the students at diferent stages is investigated. An attempt to give an objective evaluation of the state and changes in the subsystem of practical training of students of the 1990th period was made.

The evaluation of innovative potential of the region and the development of measures for the formation of innovative economy demand carrying out of the analysis and synthesis with application of the techniques, yielding the reliable result. Researches on the basis of the system approach allow determine the ways of concrete institutional transformations by the creation of self-replicating system of commercialization of scientific knowledge in the region. The method is applied by the request of the Fund of sowing investments of the Russian venture company when developing the Passport of the Regional innovative system of the Far-Eastern federal district intended for the practical use by the institutes of development and public authorities in the development and carrying out innovative policy in the region.

Social qualities of the territory are determined by the presence of a person in the environment of his activity and the impact arising thus of the qualitative system characteristics on functioning of this environment. They are caused by the structure features of the population of this territory and the factors of economic, geopolitical, legal, technological, communication and other processes happening on it in the dynamics of their transformations. On the majority of considered welfare characteristics reflecting the level and quality of life of the Far-Easterners, the tendency of measurement has a focus towards their decrease – from the world to the Russian, and from the general Russian – to the Far-Eastern regional. Actual question of the modern social and economic Far-Eastern reorganizations is clarification of the reasons of formation of such tendency of social changes in the conditions of long-term and diverse reforming of all structures and relations of this macro-region. The answer to it will allow increase the quality of carrying out current strategic and tactical modernization processes in this territory.

In the article the main concepts of transport complex development of the Russian Far East in the long term are considered (the period till 2030). These concepts are formed on the basis of officially approved documents of industry and macroeconomic trends. Three possible scenarios are allocated: I – minimum (basic), II – maximum (innovative), III – corrected. According to the author the most real development of transport complex of the region is the III scenario. This concept is created taking into account the projects that are already being realized in the field of transport and the corrected prospects. The scenario III is the most truncated concerning a set of projects and their parameters. In fact this concept fixes the only direction of development of the region transport system – to the service raw materials export from Siberia and the Far East to the countries of NEA. Realization of this concept of development contains a number of risks for the long-term development of transport and the region as a whole.

The article explores the modes of cooperation in the triangle of Belarus – the Russian Far East – China. Considering Belarus, the author underlines its strategy aimed at the methodical strengthening of human potential and rapid technological development. Outlined is the project of the Chinese-Belorussian “The Great Stone” industrial park. Characterizing the Russian Trans-Eurazian “Razvitie” project, the article focuses on its geopolitical and political aspects. As far as domestic politics is concerned, the project promises to foster the development of the Far-Eastern regions of Russia and, consequently, the harmonization of relations not only with the neighboring China but with the federal authorities as well.