Vol. 10 No. 3 (2017)

The article describes different types of educational institutions of higher education of special status in Russia: leading classical universities, Federal universities, national research universities, universities-participants of the project «5-100». The authors give interpretation of the term «educational organization of higher education of special status», open goal, putting the state in front of each category of universities with special status, as well as considering the additional powers and privileges vested in the analyzed group of universities. In addition, the article raises the issue of whether each of these groups of educational organizations should be given a special status in the system of higher education in Russia. The authors come to the conclusion that the goals that confront federal, national research, support and leading classical universities are not unique. Consequently, the allocation of them to separate groups of universities of special status is not justified.

The article presents the analysis of practices of the youth employment in the labor market of the Khabarovsk territory. The high level of unemployment is explained by several reasons which are caused by both subjective and objective factors. The main reasons of the youth unemployment are the following: mismatch between the needs of the regional labor market and occupational qualification characteristics of the young professionals, and unreasonably high demands for jobs imposed by the young unemployed. Among the main negative effects of the lack of opportunities to find a suitable work is the out-migration of the youth from the Khabarovsk territory to the western regions of Russia or other countries. In order to eliminate the existing imbalance in the regional labor market and reduce the youth unemployment such forms of their involvement in the labor market and economic activities in the Khabarovsk territory are implemented: the development of youth entrepreneurship; provision of «the Far Eastern hectares”; social support of the young professionals working in the distant parts of the region; their internships; realization of the project “World Skills”.

The article is devoted to family attitudes of youth of Khabarovsk territory. The family is understood as a group of persons associated kinship and/or marriage relationships, common life, which maintains a joint household with the total family budget on the basis of which is the reproduction of human capital. The article presents the results of monitoring sociological research of youth of Khabarovsk territory, examines the main trends in changes of attitudes of youth in the sphere of family, marriage and reproductive behaviour. Highlighted are trends in marriage and family behavior of young people: reduction in number of young people, the family fortune with the official marriage and the increasing share of singles and unmarried; the growing popularity of more liberal forms of the family unit «civil marriages»; the increase in the share of young families, to build family relationships based on «trust and mutual assistance.»

In this article the questions of law enforcement in the sphere of compensation in the Far-Eastern federal district are considered. An important component in ensuring the rights of citizens for com-pensation is their appropriate legal regulation. For implementation of labor rights of workers of the budgetary sphere on the public au-thorities and local government control of their observance in the subordinated organizations is imposed. The regional laws regulating the order of its implementation work in all territorial subjects of the Russian Federation in the district, authorized bodies are created. The analysis of activity of the bodies of prosecutor's office directed to strengthening of a role of authorities and local government in an exception of the facts of violation of labor rights in the public and mu-nicipal authorities is submitted.

Features of realization of the rights and freedoms of the person and the citizen in the border territory of the Russian Federation through a prism of restrictions of such constitutional rights of the person as the rights to freedom of movement and the property rights are considered. It is proved that some fundamental subordinate normative legal acts in this sphere were beyond the instructions of the Federal law «About Frontier of the Russian Federation» as they have interpreted the norms designated in the Law broad. Also on the basis of the analysis of standards of the federal legislation pursuing the aim of protection of sovereignty of Russia against a possibility of formation in the border territories of the enclaves controlled by the foreign persons possibility of their «round» from these persons is revealed.

Focusing the issues of administrative legal regulation in the field of public health in general and the social relations of the emerging in the field of drug products regulation, the author's approach to the consideration of the problems of «alternative medicine» is revealed, in the healthcare system of the modern state, whose policy is based on scientific knowledge and effective cultivation of highly social behavioral algorithms of the population. From a legal point of view, the article describes the concepts of «alternative medicine» and «alternative drugs» related to it. The analysis some of legal acts, scientific researches of various humanitarian and fundamental directions allowed to reflect the most important directions of the state health policy improvement in the opinion of the authors, which consist in the use of administrative legal means in informing the population and increasing individual medical literacy.

The article is devoted to consideration of the banking system as an element and factor of ensuring national security of the state, seeks to prove the existence of the relationship of stability and security of the banking system and national security. The object of research are public relations on the national security in the part, determining the main directions and forms of achieving national security, consolidation of legal acts, the value of the banking system to the economy of the state and its security in general. The subject is scientific knowledge, theoretical ideas about the status and ways of further development of social relations emerging in the sphere of national security, determining strategic approaches, priorities and measures. With the help of legal analysis produced a detailed study of the content of the national security Strategy as the software and the governing legal document and produced insights on the role of the banking system as an important element in providing the element of national security. Scientific novelty lies in paying attention to a substantial part of the policy documents forming the basis for development of the legislation and activities of the state, statement of the problem and approach to the study of relationship of the banking system stability and the national security.

The article describes the main characteristics of victims of crimes in the field of non-cash services in the Russian Federation. The basis for determining statistical indicators was the materials of cases registered in the period 2012-2015. In the work gender and age characteristics, as well as certain indicators, social and economic indicators of the standard of living of persons who became victims of crimes committed by means of telecommunications and computer equipment were determined. Interim conclusions on the causes of victimization of certain groups of citizens are formulated. So, for a certain age category, this can be a banal ignorance about some aspects of cashless transactions, and for another - an excessively high level of trust, rendered to the strangers who called them. Based on statistical data and analytical conclusions, the subsequent de-velopment of the most effective victimization prevention methods for each of the selected groups is possible.

In this article, the issues related to the delineation of disorganization of the activities of correctional institutions providing isolation from the society from disciplinary violations of the order of serving punishment are considered. The problems connected with the delimitation of disorganization of the activities of correctional institutions securing isolation from the community from related crimes, such as the threats or violent actions in connection with the implementation of justice or preliminary investigation, causing harm to the health of different severity, the threat of murder or causing serious harm to the health, are being analyzed. Violence against representative of the authority is given. Difficulties in the application of the law are due to the fact that in the offense there may be signs of several norms, since the compositions of crimes that impose on the established procedure for the execution of punishment may, on the one hand, fall on some grounds, and on the other, differ. In some, the act contains the signs of crimes specified entirely in several norms, or in full, none of the norms cover it. The questions connected with a set of crimes are investigated, analyzing the qualifying signs of this crime.

The article is devoted to the study of the legal nature of the right to use subsoil as a property right. The article concerned with a general legal problem of recognition of a property right as an object of civil rights and main positions of scientists on this issue. The author made an analysis of the signs of the right to use the subsoil and came to a conclusion that it should be recognized as object of civil rights in the legal relationship of its transition. The article concludes that right to use subsoil has a real nature in absolute legal relations to unlimited circle of persons and liability nature in relative legal relationship with the state. The study of legal regulation on the transfer of the right to use subsoil and the analysis of judicial practice are conducted. The author designated a problem of withdrawal of basic capital - the right to use subsoil block from the bankruptcy estate of subsoil user and noted contradictions in the legislation. The recommendations to improve the RF Law «About subsoil» were made and also the contractual forms for law enforcement practice were proposed as a result of the research.

The article reveals the legal basis for the activities of the Soviet courts during their formation in the Far East, which covers the time period from the fall of the tsarist power to the utterance of the power of the Soviets. In the course of study, the main stages in the formation of the Soviet judicial system in the region were identified. Based on normative acts and unpublished documents, the author concludes that the development of the judiciary system also traces the general trends inherent in the Soviet judicial system as a whole, and its special features typical of the Far East. In particular, this process was protracted, when for a long time there was an emergency legislation and there were specific judicial bodies disciplinary courts in the cities and tribal courts - in the areas of tearing of small nations.

The article contains the review of practices of the Far-Eastern scientists in the field of rational organization of management of nature and nature protection activity of the end XX – the beginnings of the 21st century. Central idea of the authors: theoretical ecological consciousness has avoided far forward the practice of implementation of the solutions proposed by the scientific community. The authors emphasize that the Far-Eastern scientists always carried out and continue to carry out a high humanitarian mission, offering and developing the principles of forming of ecological education for the society. Special attention is paid on the methodological potential of categories «ecological framework of the territory», «ecological capacity», «ecological tension», «activity of the territory», «ecogeographical examination of the territory». Practical explications of the given concepts will allow arise management of nature and the nature protection activity to a qualitatively new level, to concretize in relation to the last the basic principles and provisions of the model of sustainable development.

В статье рассматривается текущее состояние норматив-но-правового определения экологического страхования и обос-новывается необходимость его законодательного закрепления в системе защиты государственных интересов. Указывается на цели экологического страхования (гарантия возмещения вреда, причиненного природным объектам, жизни и здоровью физиче-ских лиц; формирование страховых резервов) и на цель инве-стиционную. Автор анализирует причины, по которым эколо-гическое страхование до сих пор не получило должного разви-тия. Прежде всего, это, по мнению автора статьи, отсут-ствие необходимой законодательной основы, регламентирую-щей порядок осуществления экологического страхования в доб-ровольной и обязательной формах, а также отсутствие нор-мативно-правового содержания экострахования в законода-тельстве. Дается анализ современного состояния российского законодательства об экологическом страховании с целью опре-деления направлений его качественного реформирования. Вы-сказывается мнение, что такое реформирование позволит успешно решить основную задачу данного института – ком-пенсировать возникающие убытки пострадавшим и дополни-тельно финансировать природоохранную деятельность хозяй-ствующих субъектов, в том числе по нейтрализации техноген-ных угроз для окружающей среды, при соблюдении публичных и частных интересов всех сторон. ; Ключевые слова: экологическое страхование, экологический риск, защита интересов.

The author investigates the problematic practical issues connected with one of the types of legal responsibility for the offenses in the field of use and protection of lands and the environment in general – with disciplinary responsibility. In this article jurisprudence on the cases of recognition illegal representations of the prosecutors containing the requirements to the employers about involvement of workers to a disciplinary responsibility for the land and ecological offenses and also on the cases of involvement of the organizations and officials to administrative responsibility for the failure to follow legal requirements of the prosecutor is analyzed. The author gives an assessment to positions of the bodies of prosecutor's office; generalizes jurisprudence, revealing tendencies in its development; investigates scientific opinions on the analyzed legal questions.

The resource potential of the energy complex of the Sakhalin region is considered in the article. The largest oil, gas and coal deposits in the region are listed. The analysis of the electric power industry of the region is carried out. The main directions of its development are shown. The analysis of all international energy projects in the Sakhalin region is presented. Problems and prospects of development of oil and gas and coal branch of the region are considered. Perspective international energy projects with the countries of the Asian region are analyzed. The analysis of the existing infrastructure necessary for the further development of the energy complex of the region was carried out. The state and prospects of development of the sea coal terminals of the Sakhalin region are shown. Positive aspects of the current and planned energy projects of the Sakhalin Oblast have been identified. Favorable economic and geographic location, proximity to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the other Asian countries, which are the largest importers of fuel and energy resources, enables Sakhalin Oblast to play a more significant role in providing these countries with energy resources. The need for further integration of the energy industry of the Sakhalin Oblast with the countries of Asia is shown with a view to developing the energy complex of the region.

The article is devoted to discussions on current economic topics held within the framework of the Japan-Russia Economic Symposium of scientists of the Russian Far East and the Kansai region (Japan). It has been held annually since 1984 and is an authoritative scientific platform for discussing the most important problems of the development of national economies of Russia and Japan and organizing their effective cooperation. The main topics included in the program of the 33rd symposium held in Khabarovsk in September 2017 are considered. The positions of the participants in the discussion are set out, firstly, by assessing the results achieved in the development of relations between Russia and Japan, secondly, on options for increasing the effectiveness of interaction, and thirdly, in determining the most important research tasks related to the implementation of joint Russian-Japanese economic projects, and fourthly, to manage interregional migration.

The article explores the financing conditions of the investment demand of the real sector of economy with resources of the regional banking system. The article is based on the analysis of the existing impressions of the correlation character between the financial sector development level and the growth rates of regional economy, as well as approaches to explaining the investment and lending activity of the banks under economic and structural differences of different territorial entities of the Russian Federation. The research has been conducted utilizing the official data of the Federal Russian Statistical Service, data from the banking statistical sources, and data obtained during September of 2015 and March of 2016 monitoring of the banks, doing business in the region, including the affiliates of non-regional banks. The methodological apparatus of the research includes mathematical methods of processing of statistical data and data from sociological surveys of the banking experts. Validation of the methodological apparatus has been done using the example of the Khabarovsk Territory, which is considered to be representative of the Far East region: The Khabarovsk Territory includes both southern territories with high population density and high levels of economic activity, as well as northern territories, which have relatively low economic development rates. The character of spatial distribution of the economic activity predicates the concentration of the credit institutes in large population centers and significant differentiation in levels of access to banking services of businesses and population in different parts of the Khabarovsk Territory. Based on the results of the study, the pattern of participation of the banks in financing the real sector of the regional economy is influenced by a number of factors. It has been demonstrated that the experience of the past periods, economic expectations, the architecture of the banking system, as well as level of the financial management of companies greatly influence forecasting the results of demand and supply of banking services. The abovementioned factors also define the volumes and limits of lending, offered to the companies in specific region in specific period of time.

The article deals with the problem of realization of the digitized and non-quantified economic interests of players in the context of transition to a new socio-economic structure (Third platform). The purpose of the study was to substantiate the scientific problem of content and nature, the structure and hierarchy of transforming economic interests and ways to harmonize them in the digitalization of society. The research used methods: abstraction, generalization, modeling, and also a systematic approach. The result of the study is the substantiation of the scientific problem of content and the nature of transforming economic interests. Denoted threats of ignoring this problem: rising unemployment, social inequality; impossibility of realizing personal talents and interpersonal communication needs; a surge of emotional crises; transformation of the family institution in correlation with the processes of formation of the state's human capital; reduction of cash flow replenishment of the revenue side of the budgets.

ФСистема социально-экономических отношений и условия функционирования современной экономики, обеспечивающие по-ступательное развитие рыночных отношений на региональном уровне, предполагают наличие механизма противоборства эконо-мических субъектов по поводу привлечения, использования ресурсов и распределения результатов деятельности, приводящих к измене-нию условий обращения продуктов труда, отражающих специфику социальных, экономических, природно-климатических и геополити-ческих аспектов развития. Роль органов государственной власти в этой ситуации заключается в проведении эффективной политики формирования и поддержания конкурентной среды, соблюдения баланса публичных и частных интересов. Статья посвящена опре-делению сущности и содержания конкурентоспособности регио-нов. Автором предпринята попытка выделить отличительные ха-рактеристики конкурентоспособности субъекта Российской Фе-дерации как региона. На примере субъектов Дальневосточного федерального округа представлены основные факторы влияния на состояние конкурентоспособности регионов. В ходе исследования обозначены тенденции проявления возможностей развития и сдерживающих воздействий обеспечения конкурентных преиму-ществ дальневосточных территорий. В статье определены основ-ные проблемные зоны формирования конкурентоспособности ре-гионов Дальневосточного федерального округа и пути их устране-ния. ; Ключевые слова: конкуренция, конкурентоспособность, конкурен-тоспособность регионов, факторы конкурентоспособности субъ-ектов Дальневосточного федерального округа.

The article presents a general analysis of the results of commercialization of the social sphere. On the example of public health services, the dynamics of the cost volumes of the paid medical services market, the specific weight of household expenditures for the purchase of medical services, and the change in the affordability of medical services have been analyzed. The conclusion is drawn that, against the backdrop of the highest growth rates in the country of the cost volumes of paid medical services, the backlog of demographic indicators of the Far Eastern subjects from the average Russian level is increasing. It is shown that the actually achieved results of the commercialization of the healthcare system are a weighty restriction for the implementation of the state priority for the outstripping development of the Far East, emergence of the basic socio-economic indicators to a level higher than the average Russian level, creating a high quality of life in the region that is the basis for reproduction of the competitive human capital.

В статье рассмотрено изменение параметров физической и экономической доступности транспортных услуг для населения Дальнего Востока России. К характеристикам физической до-ступности отнесено изменение конфигурации транспортных се-тей по видам транспорта, изменение маршрутной сети и т. д. Оценка экономической доступности рассматривает относитель-ные изменения покупательной способности среднедушевых доходов населения относительно динамики усредненных транспортных тарифов на воздушные перевозки экономическим классом, железнодорожный транспорт дальнего следования и пригородный и т. д. На основе предлагаемого подхода автором сделаны расчеты и представлены полученные оценки динамики отдельных показателей доступности транспортных услуг, дана их интерпретация. ; Ключевые слова: транспортные услуги, доступность транспор-та, Дальний Восток, экономическая доступность, транспортная инфраструктура.

The most important questions concerning an increase in financial literacy of the population in the Russian Federation have found reflection in this article. Educational projects directed to an increase in financial literacy of the population are a part of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of financial education. Increase in financial literacy of the population is impossible without efforts of the authorities of different levels in this connection the review of educational projects directed to an increase in financial literacy, submitted by the authors of the article is relevant. Now the Federal methodical network (further – FMN) on financial literacy of the system of general and secondary professional education which has the two-level structure consisting of the Federal methodical center for financial literacy of the system of general and secondary professional education and fifteen regional methodical centers (further – RMCs) is created. RMCs allow create in all territory of the Russian Federation conditions for the development of personnel potential – specialists in training of financial literacy.

The article presents sociological and culturological analysis of the extremist symbolism spread by the Slavonic neopaganism, whose representatives use swastika symbols in their editions and on Internet sites. It is shown that the pseudo-Slavic ideology, under the pretexts of protecting ancient Slavonic roots, traditions and rituals, imposes on the Russians, first of all young people, the misanthropic ideas of Nazism, their acceptability and admissibility in the modern conditions. Based on the results of research it is shown that the extremist symbolism, replicated in the Internet space, represents a real threat to the socialization of young people and requires resolute opposition from the state and society.