Berezutskiy Yuriy V.

The article presents the analysis of the results of sociological study«Personnel potential of the authorities of the Far-Eastern Federal District: state, problems and development prospects,» carried out by the initiative group of sociologists of the Far- Eastern Institute of Management - branch of RANEPA with the support from the Offi of the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Far- Eastern Federal District. The results of the study indicate progressive development of the Far-Eastern territories in recent years: implementation of the large-scale national projects, attracting investments for creation and construction of new enterprises, development of social infrastructure, creation of thousands of new jobs, renovation of the appearance of the Far- Eastern cities and public spaces as a part of implementation of master plans for their development. The majority of state and municipal employees generally assess the socio- economic development of the Russian Far East as positive, but there is a number of serious problems that restrain positive trends: rising prices for goods and services, quality of health care and availability of medical care, level of remuneration and housing affordability, migration outfl of the population and decrease in the personnel potential of the region. Special role in the implementation of the national strategy for socio-economic development of the Russian Far East is given to the personnel potential of the state authorities and local self-government. However, self-assessments by the state and municipal employees indicate an insuffi immersion of the majority of them in the meaning, goals and content of the national development projects in Russia, which may reduce the effectiveness of their activities to achieve the targets for their implementation in their regions. The results of the study emphasize the need to improve the state and municipal services status, as well as the development of educational programs focused on the «socio-centric» motives of professional service.

The article presents the analysis of the results of the sociological study of young families in the Khabarovsk Territory from the point of view of their values and ideological attitudes. It was important for us to understand what family values and value orientations dominate in the minds and behavior of modern young families. To what extent are the family and the birth of children valued by young families? What terminal and instrumental values are young families guided by in their everyday life? What problems do young families face and how do they overcome them? The analysis of these issues allowed us to identify the specifics of the attitude of young families to them. In modern conditions, we can see the transformation of family values associated with both modern civilizational trends (sociocultural ideas, priority of material values, egocentrism in the attitudes of young people) as well as with the imbalance of continuity of family relations in intergenerational development (young families are less likely to be like their parents' families). Despite the above-mentioned trends, such values as family and happy family life are significant for the vast majority of young people. The preferences of young families are focused on having children, love and comfortable family relationships that are of great importance to them. However, young families associate the birth of children, especially the second and subsequent ones, with the solution of two main problems: financial and housing. At the same time, young people justify the postponement of the birth of their first child by the desire to live for themselves, develop in the profession, and build a career. The identified potential for conflict in young families, associated largely with domestic and financial problems, disagreements about raising children and lack of mutual understanding between spouses, actualizes the need to develop advisory assistance and support, including psychological one.

The authors present an analysis of the historical period of training management personnel in the system of political party educational institutions created by the Soviet government. The formation and development of this new system in the Russian Far East was signifi complicated and restrained by the conditions of the protracted civil war and foreign military intervention, the high level of illiteracy of the local population, the lack of properly trained teaching staff, teaching aids, a small number of management personnel loyal to the new government, and remoteness from the central part and Soviet governmental bodies. The analysis of archival materials, governing party documents and available scientifi publications revealed that the systematic work of governmental bodies to create various forms of Soviet-party education focused on training management personnel with political potential to solve key and urgent problems of the integrated development of the Far Eastern territories. The study of the problem helps to expand the existing knowledge about the state Soviet policy in training management personnel, the forms, methods and techniques used, the infl of various factors on the system effectiveness. This is vitally important for identifying historical experience for the current phase of improving management personnel training for state authorities and municipal administrations.

The authors of the article present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the concept of the Khabarovsk residents’ involvement into territorial public self-government (TPSG) processes. A comparative analysis of consciousness and behavior of two categories of Khabarovsk residents (living and not living in houses with TPSG) carried out on the basis of a sociological research results allows authors to assert that residents living in houses with TPSG are more active and more involved into their house social live: they demonstrate a greater desire to be involved into competitions of TPSG projects, they are more likely to show their concern and involvement in solving problems of improvement of their yard territory, they are more likely to help by fi and material resources to create infrastructural projects, they are ready to take part in projects by personal contribution, they are more careful about projects created by their own hands in their backyard. Therefore, the main conclusion of the study: the development of TPSG can signifi increase residents’ social activity. In modern conditions, TPSG is the most successful tool for joint (local government and residents) solving of problems of yard territorial improvement. So, the TPSG improvement programs development in cities and towns is the most important strategic task of local governments and state authorities that includes involving of residents into processes of solving issues of local importance and increasing residents’ trust in local governments and public associations, because trust is fundamental for the development of society.

Development of the territorial public self-government (TPS) in the city of Khabarovsk testifi to the quite high rates: the city of Khabarovsk is the leader in terms of the number of TPS among the municipalities of the region; the number of informed Khabarovsk residents about the possibilities of TPS has increased; the number of Khabarovsk residents involved in TPS activities has increased; TPS of the city is characterized by the annual growth of implemented initiative socially signifi projects; annual and signifi growth in the volume of both attracted budget funds and the investment of citizens' own funds on the co-fi terms. At the same time, the potential for development of TPS in Khabarovsk is signifi and is connected, fi of all, with the further development of informing the population, increase in the municipal budget fi of the TPS development program in the city, creation of the TPS School as an effective educational platform for the experience exchange and preparation of the successful socially signifi projects. In general, it should be noted that the TOS support programs are one of the most successful tools for involving citizens in solving issues of the local importance. Development of 500 TPS by 2025 is a strategic task of the Khabarovsk city administration as a part of implementation of the Concept «Development of territorial public self-government in Khabarovsk until 2025».

The article presents theoretical overview of scientific approaches to the study of «social ideas» as a fundamental construct of sociology and related sciences and the results of their sociological measurement among the schoolchildren of the Khabarovsk territory. Genesis of the concept «social representations» (social representations), which has its origins in scientific views and conceptual justifications from the classics of social sciences (sociology, social psychology, etc.) to modern domestic and foreign researchers, reflects both its high significance and the complexity of interpretation and empirical measurement. The methodological analysis of the main scientific approaches to the study of this construct gives reason for the authors to widely use them as the basis for the sociological measurement of social ideas of students in general education schools.The empirical results of sociological surveys obtained by the authors indicate that the school education system forms collective social ideas of students as stable education of ideas, views, values and knowledge, having the central cores of representation, based on quantitative and qualitative indicators. Their sociological measurement testifies to the content and objectification of social ideas regarding study, educational and professional plans, migration moods. The authors consider it expedient to use the presented results of sociological measurement of social ideas of schoolchildren to develop measures to improve state educational policy, primarily in the formation of a value-motivation attitude (meanings and images) to study, the choice of profession, place of work in the regional labor market and other life plans.

Sociological measurement of social indicators determining the degree of satisfaction of citizens with the state of interethnic relations, the level of general civil identity, as well as the socio-cultural adaptation of foreign citizens, is an important tool for assessing and preventing social conflicts (including potential ones) on the interethnic and interfaith grounds. Based on a large-scale questionnaire survey and a series of focus-group studies of residents of the region, as well as a series of expert interviews with the specialists, we presented analysis of the state of interethnic relations in the Khabarovsk territory. It was established that in general, with a conflict-free state of interethnic relations in the Khabarovsk territory, a certain potential for conflict and tension was revealed. It actualizes the need to implement the more effective policy of ethno-cultural development of the peoples of Russia in the region as a tool for harmonizing interethnic relations. It is advisable to place special emphasis on improving information work both with the population of the region as a whole and with young people, in particular. Separately, analysis of the social and cultural adaptation of foreign citizens in the assessments of local residents was carried out. Certain potential for conflict is associated with the rejection of a part of population of the behavioral characteristics of labor migrants. In general, the results of comprehensive sociological study can be used by the regional and local authorities to take into account the preparation and implementation of programs and projects aimed at strengthening civil peace and harmony, harmonizing interethnic relations and ethno-cultural development of the local residents.

The article presents the main results of sociological research conducted by the authors over the past ten years, devoted to the problems of self-identification of the youth of the Khabarovsk territory and their life strategies. We have noticed that the state authorities of the country and the region are working to create favorable conditions for the life and development of young people, but this does not have a significant positive impact on changing their migration moods, which over the past three decades have been directed towards changing their place of residence to more favorable regions of Russia or more favorable countries. The conducted sociological studies revealed nine types of self-identification of the youth of the Khabarovsk territory, three of which turned out to be the most interesting from the point of view of migration strategies - this is the Far Eastern (regional) self-identification with a characteristic reduced migration potential and a predominant desire to live in the territory of the region; Russian (state) self-identification with an average migration potential and a desire to change their place of residence within the country to a more comfortable region and global (planetary) self-identification with a high migration potential and a craving for living abroad of our Homeland. Thus, we confirmed the main hypothesis of the study that the determination of the youth's migration strategy is largely determined by its identification with the territory of residence. In the course of sociological measurements, we also found five «social anchors» that have a greater impact on the regional self-determination of young people and their desire to develop here without resorting to changing their place of residence - these are social activity and participation in public activities, entrepreneurship, longterm residence by family clans on the territory of the Khabarovsk territory, the presence of a reproductive family and geographical knowledge of the region. The conclusions we have obtained in the research can be used to substantiate, make changes and evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of state programs aimed at implementing youth policy in the region, the purpose of which is to preserve (increase) the number of young generation in the region, as well as to create favorable living conditions and selfrealization for them.

The article presents a sociological analysis of the state of modern student youth in Khabarovsk. The scientists investigated: the ideas of student youth about the city of Khabarovsk and living conditions in it; peculiarities of youth leisure; basic problems of life; education, employment and professional development; migratory moods of young

The regulator of social activity of young people, its intensity and direction – is the semantic representations of reality. They are most clearly manifested in social attitudes, guided by which young people show certain forms of activity. The article describes the basics of self-regulation of social activity of young people and the role of ideological meanings in this process. Based on the data of the all-Russian research, the characteristics of social activity of young people and their differences in different groups of young people are given. The influence of worldview attitudes of solidarity, empathy and trust on the ratio of activity and passivity in the youth environment is revealed. It is revealed that young people who are focused on empathy and solidarity are ready for active forms of life much more often than their rational peers. In turn, the manifestation of modern rational attitudes of calculation and individualism, combined with the attitude of distrust, is more often converted into social passivity. An independent section of the article is devoted to the analysis of the results of focus group interviews conducted with the youth of the Far-Eastern region, which revealed contradictions in social attitudes to the activity and the possibilities of their implementation.

he article presents an analysis of statistical data and sociological research results that characterize the situation of young people in the Far East of Russia. The article makes a conclusion about the growing crisis of social relations, deformation of the continuity of generations, the mismatch of needs and the possibilities of satisfying them with the young people. Despite the taken measures, statistics and the results of sociological studies indicate negative trends in the migration attitudes of the Far East. Over the past three decades, there has been a rapid decline in the proportion of young people in the Russian Far East due to the migration outflow. The region needs a special national policy not only on the macro-development of the region, but also on improving the standard of living of a particular person. The most obvious measures of “securing” and attracting people to the Far East of the country participants consider economic incentives: the growth of real family incomes, the possibility of improving their living conditions, the opportunity to receive good education and employment of young people, as well as opportunities for self-realization of children and youth.

The article presents the analysis of the system of professional orientation, professional self-determination and professional development of the youth of the Khabarovsk territory, based on the results of sociological research of high school students of the Khabarovsk territory and their parents. In general, the research showed the presence of a variety of activities for the professional orientation of schoolchildren in the schools of the Khabarovsk territory (variety of forms, methods, types). At the same time, not all schools have identically built a system of vocational guidance work, in different ways this work is also enshrined in the regulatory legal documents. There is a wide variety of vocational guidance activities at schools, but different events are held at different schools - there is an absence of policy and system of vocational guidance at schools in the territory. Mostly, each school independently determines the forms, content and methods of building this important work. These problems are also reflected in the assessments of schoolchildren and their parents. The results allow us consider the school as a basic element in the development of a career guidance system in the Khabarovsk territory. For this purpose, it is advisable to develop and adopt to the implementation of the regional concept of career guidance in the schools.

В статье представлен анализ социальной активности молодежи Хабаровского края через призму влияния создаваемых условий органами власти, реализующими государственную молодежную политику. Выводы автора опираются на ряд региональных социологических исследований молодежи, выполненных под его научным руководством. В целом молодежь демонстрирует достаточно низкую вовлеченность в деятельность общественных организаций и объединений Хабаровского края. Её социальная активность в большей степени является индивидуальной, нежели общественной, институциональной. Молодежь недостаточно информирована о деятельности молодежных объединений, лишь каждый десятый вовлечен в их работу, значительная часть молодежи не понимает смысла участия в общественной жизни. Это свидетельствует о социальной разобщенности молодежи, слабости существующих социальных связей в обществе. Сделан вывод о том, что современная молодежная политика ориентирована в большей степени на достижение количественных результатов, нежели качественных изменений молодежного сознания. Молодежная политика нуждается в реализации своей идеологической функции, связанной с формированием у молодежи осознанной мотивации участия в жизни общества. Молодежь Хабаровского края слабо ощущает на себе влияние государственной молодежной политики, в улучшении своей жизни рассчитывает в основном на собственные усилия. ; Ключевые слова: молодежь, молодежная политика, социальная активность, мотивация социальной активности, общественные молодежные организации и объединения, мотивация участия, гражданское общество, Хабаровский край.

The article presents the results of sociological research of adherence of the Khabarovsk citizens to a healthy lifestyle. Main-ly the people of Khabarovsk are still oriented in effort to have a healthy lifestyle, but in their daily routine their efforts confront with objective and subjective "barriers" that reduce their motiva-tion and the real leading a healthy lifestyle. The results of the re-search actualize the need of interdepartmental cooperation in the sphere of polarization prophylaxis, through targeted and system-atic joint work of all institutions: government authorities, mass media, medical institutions and educational organizations, and public associations to increase the people of Khabarovsk city leading a healthy lifestyle.

The results of sociological measurement of international relations in Khabarovsk in the system of objective and subjective factors and conditions are presented in this article. They demonstrate that at a normal and frictionless state of international relations in the city district the considerable potential of contradictions is revealed. They are covered in rejection with a part of urban population of behavioural characteristics of labor migrants, features of their communication; in the representations created under the influence of mass media about threats of radical Islam, extremism and terrorism. Results of the poll staticize the need of development and adoption of additional measures for strengthening of the international relations and to the ethnocultural development of the city community.

The article discusses conceptual approaches to the strengthening of inter-ethnic relations in the city of Khabarovsk, the results of their sociological factors in measuring system and the conditions of a modern Russian society with the projection in the urban community. Based on official statistics and opinion polls results show the conditionality of international relations as the new challenges and threats, and subjective attitudes to their fellow countrymen of different nationalities and religion. It was established that under normal and peaceful state of interethnic relations in the city district, revealed a significant potential conflict and tension. It actualizes the need for the development and adoption of the municipal program of strengthening and development of international relations and ethno-cultural development of the urban community.

The article presents the results of monitoring sociological research on the state of civil society in the Khabarovsk territory in 2014-2015. Especially the state of civil society revealed through the analysis of its fundamental characteristics: «social well-being of the residents», defined by the degree of comfort of living, the level and quality of life, assessment of problems of life of citizens; «assessment of observance of the rights and freedoms of citizens», based both on personal experience and on the basis of their own observations of the reality of what is happening; «the level of confidence of citizens» power, social and political institutions. The results of sociological research testify to presence of a large spectrum of problems of state of these characteristics does not allow to successfully develop civil society. Among them, low social activity of citizens, a high degree of dissatisfaction and the relevance of a large number of social problems of inhabitants, the prevalence of violations of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the low level of public confidence of government. Therefore, policy dialogue between the government and society remains one of the most important values of the democratic development of Russian society, development of civil society.

This article presents some historical features of relationships between the "indigenous" and "alien" population, and also presents the results of the regional sociological researches, allowing characterize prevailing modern attitude of the Far-Eastern youth to the working migrants. The results of sociological researches testify about the state of social tension in the society. A greater degree of intolerance characteristic for the representatives of Chechnya, Dagestan, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan. Willingness to accept higher against the representatives of Viet Nam, Korea. More desirable are the immigrants from Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

The article presents the comparative results of sociological studies of the condition and trends of the civic consciousness of the population of the Khabarovsk Territory in the years 2013 – 2014. As a determining factor in the formation and development of civil society the authors consider the phenomenon of social activity of the population, its role in the mechanisms of interaction between the authorities and society. According to the research there are three conventional forms of social activity: social, institutional and individual. Their share in the social structure of the regional community on the degree of involvement in some form of social activity, including in the organizational - legal (NGOs and the other civil society organizations) is given. Expert evaluations allow separate different models of the social activity of inhabitants of the region and the tendencies of its changes at the regional level.

In this article on the basis of results of a number of regional sociological researches the features of interaction of the local population of municipalities of the Khabarovsk territory with the labor migrants coming for earnings from the countries of the near and far abroad are analyzed. In general, the received results reflect spontaneity of the processes of social adaptation and integration of labor migrants into the local community. Expert evaluations testify about: enough weak and fragmentary forms of interaction of the locals with labor migrants, peculiar autonomy of their relationship; estrangement from the analysis of possible problems of the stay of labor migrants in the territory, new to them; estrangement from the analysis of potentially possible conflicts of the local population and labor migrants. They also reflect considerable estrangement of the local governments from direct interaction with the labor migrants who are in the territory of municipality. These tendencies substantially form the potential of social tension, actualize the problem of international relations in public consciousness.

The article presents a sociological analysis of social activity of the residents from the Khabarovsk territory as a base of the civil society. Sociological analysis showed that the main problems of mature civil society are the low level of social activity of citizens, weak willingness to defend their rights, their low participation in social life of the territory in which they reside, the low level of involvement in the activities of public bodies. At the same time, the results showed, there aren't information conditions for the values of social service, altruism, social participation and social support in the community.

The article presents a comparative analysis of the results of sociological research (1996, 2007, 2013) of the potential of young families of Khabarovsk territory, held by a unit methodic. The author substantiates the multidimensional nature of the social potential of young families, its dependence on objective conditions and factors, values and motives. Particular attention is paid to the sociological analysis of reproductive attitudes and behavioral characteristics of a new generation of young family in the region, evaluation of their material conditions of life, spiritual and moral basis for the family life.

The results of sociological researches of the youth of the Khabarovsk territory of three age groups are presented in this article: 17, 24 and 29 years in a monitoring mode from 1997 to 2013. The sociological value is given to such characteristics of youth, as a health and a healthy lifestyle, to the value of youth, the feature of organization and carrying out their leisure, work and financial position, enterprise potential, a family and family values, migratory moods. The revealed characteristics of social appearance of youth of the Khabarovsk territory allow estimate a vector of vital strategy of youth, its inclusiveness at public reproduction, the potential of its development. As a whole the received results allowed to draw a conclusion on some positive vector of changes of characteristics of the youth consciousness: increasing of its consciousness, decreasing in prevalence of addictions, increasing of a share of the youth who is going in for sports, etc. At the same time, don't lose the relevance and decrease in their sharpness questions of fixing of youth in the region, improvement of quality of life, health, formation of a healthy lifestyle, culture and patriotism demand. At the same time, the improvement of quality of their life, health and formation of a healthy lifestyle, culture and patriotism demand are important. The author shows the need of increasing of a standard of living and the creation of more comfortable social and economic conditions of accommodation of the youth in the region. The conclusion about problematical character of a condition and a problematical character of the main characteristics of social appearance of the modern youth of the region is made.

The article is about the theoretical analysis of the concept "self-identification" from the positions of philosophy, psychology and sociology. The authors had analyzed the features of formation and the content of self-identification, designated signs and types of the social identity, considered the factors influencing the identification. They tried to make the analysis of aspects of self-identification of the youth as a social group.

In this article the results of sociological research of the graduates of the institutes of the system of primary and secondary vocational education of the Khabarovsk territory are presented, as well as the results of the expert survey of chief executives, deputies and the heads of personnel services of the industrial enterprises of the region. Sociological analysis of the problems of employment of the graduates of technical schools and vocational schools, as well as the nature of interaction of the subjects of educational space on professional orientation and the employment of young specialists are conducted.

Features of the valuable potential of the young people are considered in the article. The basic directions of valuable orientations of youth in Khabarovsk territory are revealed on the basis of sociological research.

In this article some theoretical-methodological approaches to understanding of the essence of social activity of the youth as an important factor of its socialization are presented. The author's interpretation of the concept of social activity of the youth is given. The role of public youth associations and the organizations in formation of the social activity of the youth is discussed.

Behavior directed on the health preservation of students: valuable resource of health or declaration

In this article the subjective representations, estimations, opinions, judgments of the youth of Khabarovsk territory about an observance of the rights and freedom of the person and the citizen are considered, representations about values of the youth concerning the rights and freedom are analyzed, the reasons of their infringement are established, the estimation of trust of youth is presented legal institutes. An observance of such rights of youth, as the right to work and the right to health protection is in more details analyzed.

In the article the problem of narcotic and psychotropic proliferation by schoolchildren of the city of Khabarovsk is considered. It is submitted a sociological assessment of drug`s prevalence at schools of the city, proposed measures to prevent it.