Khalikova Svetlana S.

Changes in the foreign economic situation and structural shifts in the Russian economy determine the need to form a new vector of investment development in the subjects of the Russian Federation, aimed at increasing investment activity. Investment activity determines the pace and sustainability of the socio-economic development of the region and acts as an important factor in the economic security of the territory. The article systematizes the main approaches to understanding the category of «investment activity in the region» and suggests the authors’ defi of this category in the context of economic security. The main factors determining the level of economic security in the investment sector were identifi within the framework of this study and their relationship in the logical chain was determined as follows: «investment activity → investment distribution→ investment effi The authors note that insuffi infl of investments into the region's economy entails many negative economic and social consequences (high wear and tear of equipment; unprofi of enterprises; low production effi and innovative activity, unemployment and others), which in the long term reduce the production and labor potential of the region. A system of indicators is proposed in order to identify problem areas existing in the fi of attracting investments, containing volumetric indicators (investment rate, accumulation rate, fi capital investments per capita), as well as indicators reflthe growth rate of investments. The proposed system of indicators also includes relative indicators, which increases the objectivity of the assessment, so it can be the main one to use for monitoring the level of investment activity in the regions. The authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation can also use it to assess the results of the implemented investment policy

Labor market conditions play special role in ensuring the economic security of the country and its individual territories. On the one hand, the state of labor market has a direct impact on the level of well-being of the population and the degree of their social security, the dynamics of real production and labor productivity. On the other hand, labor market indicators are characterized by a high sensitivity to existing threats of a social, economic and demographic nature. The COVID 19 pandemic and the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions have caused serious transformations that have led to an increase in tension and formation of n the new hotbeds of vulnerability in the labor market. Examining tension as the indicator of economic security of the region, this article highlights the threats that arise as a result of imbalance in the regional labor market (open unemployment, stagnant unemployment. Along with this, the article considers factors that increase stress.

Formation of the life strategies of young people is influenced by many factors, among which one of the most influential is regional specificity. The subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district have a number of features that predetermine special

The article presents an analysis of formation and development of the image of an entrepreneur in Russia. Currently, the positive image of an entrepreneur is considered as one of the factors for successful development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The goals of national project «Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative» are aimed at intensifying the entrepreneurial potential of the society, stimulating creation and growth of a number of small and medium-sized enterprises, stabilizing and consolidating existing entrepreneurs on the market, creating the most favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This project is designed to involve general population in the entrepreneurial activities. The article analyses perception of an entrepreneur in the modern Russian society. The image of entrepreneur is considered through their perception by the society according to the following components: attractiveness of the entrepreneur's career, prestige of entrepreneurship, media attention to the success stories of entrepreneurs, inclusion in the entrepreneurial community through the environment. In general, the author notes a positive trend and a significant increase in public interest in this type of activity. However, the level achieved is not yet sufficient to achieve the goals set out in the national and regional projects. The author's directions of the information campaign to form a positive image of entrepreneur could form a stable «foundation» of the entrepreneurial potential of the Russian society. The proposed areas of work with various categories of the population will contribute to strengthening entrepreneurial activity, increasing the status of entrepreneur and, in general, forming a positive image of entrepreneur in the Russian Federation.

Целью данной статьи является оценка результативности региональной политики в сфере развития малого предпринимательства. Проведенный анализ показал, что в настоящее время наибольшее распространение получил индикативный подход. Авторами отмечается, что большинство современных методик оценки состояния малого бизнеса и результативности региональной политики в данной сфере основано на построении интегрального показателя. Однако единого методического подхода к оценке результативности региональной политики нет. Авторами предложена методика по оценке результативности региональной политики в сфере развития малого бизнеса и выявления степени её неравномерности между регионами. В её основу положен индексный подход, который позволяет перейти к единой безразмерной величине и сопоставить между собой исследуемые индикаторы. На основе предложенной методики авторами проведена оценка региональной политики в регионах Дальневосточного федерального округа (далее – ДФО). По результатам проведенной оценки субъекты ДФО были сгруппированы в три группы: первая группа включает регионы, где проводимые мероприятия обеспечили прирост всех (или почти всех) исследуемых показателей развития малого бизнеса; вторую группу формируют территории, в которых проводимая региональная политика эффективна, но значение исследуемых показателей не изменилось либо произошло снижение одного или нескольких индикаторов; третью группу составляют регионы, где проводимая политика не имела существенных результатов и большинство исследуемых индикаторов снизили свое значение. Использование данной методики позволяет определить наиболее проблемные направления региональной политики с целью её последующей корректировки. ; Ключевые слова: региональная политика, оценка результативности, малое предпринимательство, регионы ДФО.

The article analyzes the current state of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Khabarovsk territory, identifies the main trends in its development, substantiates the negative values of indicators. The necessity of developing of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the framework of economic reform in the country as a whole and with emphasis on regional specifics in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is presented. Relevance at the national and regional levels of entrepreneurship development is confirmed by the approved national project “Small and medium-sized enterprises and support of individual entrepreneurial initiative”. The national project offers the necessary measures to support entrepreneurs at all stages of the life cycle: from the idea, registration, receiving various types of support to expanding the business with export. The author analyzed and presented the uniqueness of the implementation of this national project in the Khabarovsk territory. The article outlines the main goals, measures and results of the national project in the context of its five subprojects: acceleration of small and medium-sized enterprises; expanding access of small and medium-sized enterprises to financial resources; promotion of entrepreneurship; creation of a support system for farmers and development of rural cooperation; improving the business environment. For each of the regional projects, an analysis was made of the goals, sources and amounts of financing, key activities, indicators and results of their implementation are also structured. Based on the analysis, the main vectors and prospects for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Khabarovsk territory until 2024 are presented.

Встатье представлены результаты работы по изучению доступности транспортных услуг для населения Дальнего Востока России. Оценки доступности транспорта, полученные ранее на основе данных официальной статистики, были дополнены информацией социологического опроса потребителей транспортных услуг в Хабаровском крае. Это позволило сформировать более полную картину проблем, складывающихся в части доступности транспортных услуг для населения Дальнего Востока. При этом основными задачами проведенной работы были: изучение динамики масштабов и факторов использования населением различных видов транспорта; оценка уровня комфортности транспортных услуг; оценка экономической доступности транспорта (в разрезе отдельных его видов); выделение проблемных вопросов функционирования пассажирского транспорта. Для сбора первичной информации был проведен индивидуальный очный анкетный опрос населения в основных транспортных узлах г. Хабаровска по расчетной выборочной совокупности (репрезентативная выборка с доверительным интервалом 5%, получено 600 анкет). В статье рассматривается полученный результат по одному из направлений проведенного исследования – анализу ценовой доступности транспортных услуг для населения (в абсолютной форме и в соотношении с доходами опрашиваемых). Результаты опроса показали, что высокие тарифы воздушного транспорта приводят к существенному ограничению его доступности не только для групп населения с невысоким ежемесячным доходом (до 13 тыс. руб.), но и для лиц со средним уровнем дохода. Для железнодорожного транспорта высокая цена отмечена 10,3% респондентов; для междугородного автобуса – 7,3%; для речного транспорта высокую цену отметили лишь 0,3% опрошенных. Полученные результаты подтверждают тот факт, что мобильность населения Дальнего Востока в настоящее время ограничена в силу низкой экономической доступности транспортных услуг, прежде всего авиасообщения. ; Ключевые слова: Дальний Восток России, транспортный комплекс, транспортное обслуживание населения, доступность транспортных услуг, анкетирование

The article presents the analysis of practices of the youth employment in the labor market of the Khabarovsk territory. The high level of unemployment is explained by several reasons which are caused by both subjective and objective factors. The main reasons of the youth unemployment are the following: mismatch between the needs of the regional labor market and occupational qualification characteristics of the young professionals, and unreasonably high demands for jobs imposed by the young unemployed. Among the main negative effects of the lack of opportunities to find a suitable work is the out-migration of the youth from the Khabarovsk territory to the western regions of Russia or other countries. In order to eliminate the existing imbalance in the regional labor market and reduce the youth unemployment such forms of their involvement in the labor market and economic activities in the Khabarovsk territory are implemented: the development of youth entrepreneurship; provision of «the Far Eastern hectares”; social support of the young professionals working in the distant parts of the region; their internships; realization of the project “World Skills”.

The article presents the analysis of interaction between Russia and China as a result of contemporary global processes, the reorientation of Russia to the East, marked peculiarities of the development of relations between the two countries, cooperation mechanisms. Analyzed the results of sociological re search "the West and the East of Russia: a comparative analysis of intercultural interaction in the Russian-European and Russian-Chinese borderland", carried out among students at universities in the city of Khabarovsk, which reflects the view of the younger generation on the prospects of development of border territories of the Russian Federation and the establishment of relations with China.

The article is mainstreaming healthy lifestyle issues, risk factors for diseases and the influence of healthy lifestyle on the health status of the population. The Khabarovsk residents’ feeding practices, their conceptions of rational nutrition and diet have been analyzed. Feeding habits, compositions, quality, balance and calorie contents of food, consumed by the citizens of Khabarovsk have been evaluated. Also gender and age differences of feeding practices have taken place in the research. The article is written on the basis of sociological research, devoted to the issue of risk factors for diseases and Khabarovsk citizens’ commitment to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The article provides data based on questionnaires and the results of focus-groups on the stated issue.

Behavior directed on the health preservation of students: valuable resource of health or declaration