Гапонова Г.Я

В статье затрагиваются вопросы национально-культурных особенностей русского языка, без учета которых невозможно создание полноценного текста на языке перевода. Национально-культурный аспект входит в круг проблем переводоведения, связанных с прагматической адаптацией исходного текста. Сохранение прагматического аспекта в тексте перевода требует от переводчика не только языковых, но и экстралингвистических знаний, а также использования ряда переводческих преобразований. В статье показан механизм, с помощью которого на языке перевода создается текст, отвечающий требованиям смысловой, семантической, жанрово-стилистической, прагматической эквивалентности. Особое внимание уделяется теории языковых значений, в частности прагматическому значению, без учета которого невозможно достичь желаемого воздействия на получателя переводимого текста. Материалом исследования послужили примеры, взятые из художественных текстов.

The article deals with a problem of calling the health institutes to civil liability for causing harm to life or health of a patient. The authors point out that there is no unified theoretical approach to the determination of civil liability of medical establishments for the harm caused to life and health of the patient, which ultimately affects the efficiency of the practical application of this category and quality of securing the patient’s rights, protecting his interests. The authors studied viewpoints of lawyers on the concept of civil liability of medical organizations and came to certain conclusions. Grounds and reasons for calling medical workers to civil liability as well as related materials of judicial practice are presented and analyzed in the article.

The Head Department of territorial development under the Governor and the Administration of the Khabarovsk Territory as well as the Council of municipal entities of the Khabarovsk Territory have been organizing training and practical seminars for the heads of municipalities, the chairmen of the representative bodies, specialists of local bodies of self-government, heads of enterprises and organizations included in the administration reserve. The most acute problems are discussed. Highly-qualified teachers of Far-Eastern Institute of Management – branch of Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of RF (Doctors and Masters of Sciences) are usually engaged in these programs as they have great practical experience, constantly analyze regulatory and legal documents, systematize information, which may and should be used in future practical work. Theoretical and practical seminars include psychological trainings, practical classes in rhetoric combined with the elements of acting skills, master-classes, etc. Psychological diagnosis of all participants is carried out. Undoubtedly significance of these events is high, both for the organizers and the participants – heads of municipalities, chairmen of representative bodies of local self-government, experts, business leaders of organizations included in the administrative reserve, etc. Today they must be highly qualified, learned professionals, socially adapted, competitive, highly-cultured and creative people, possessing social and personal competencies.