Mazankova Tatiana V.

The technological transformation of the forest sector, the introduction of digital technologies as well as the shift in state policy priorities towards sustainable development demands reconsideration of approaches towards evaluating the effectiveness of management systems in forestry organizations. The aim of this article is to study the conceptual and categorical framework of efficiency theory and to determine the criteria evolution for the effectiveness of management systems in relation to the features of forestry activities. Being based on a systematic approach, as well as on methods of analysis and synthesis, the study clarifies the content of basic categories («costs,» «result,» «effect,»«efficiency») considering the long biological cycles and multi-purpose nature of the forest management. The definitions of a criterion (a qualitative attribute) and an indicator (a quantitative measure) of efficiency are distinguished in the article. The authors conduct retrospective analysis of the evolution in the Russian researchers’ views on efficiency in forestry, taking into account the context of changing technological paradigms (from the 3rd to the 6th). The factors determining both the efficiency of organizations and their management systems at each historical stage are systematized. It is established that the modern stage (the 6th technological paradigm) is characterized by polyparadigmality, requiring the management system to simultaneously ensure operational efficiency, digital maturity, strategic orientation towards ESG principles and adaptability to change. In conclusion, it is established that forming a unified assessment system in modern conditions is methodologically hard and it is necessary to integrate various management concepts. The significance of the study's results for government agencies lies in the need to rethink traditional management approaches and develop a unified system for assessing forestry management effectiveness based on a combination of various approaches. Forestry organizations may find the study's results useful in developing management systems, taking into account the factors in uencing performance.

The process of generational change is a rigidly determined sociobiological process. It can be argued that the generational change in entrepreneurship is taking place within the framework of the current historical period under the infl of revolutionary technological processes. The phenomenon of the «digital divide» is growing between generations, each generation has its advantages over others and the next generation has greater and deeper digital human competencies. An additional catalyst for the acceleration of the process is the state, the introduction of state standards to the economy and other spheres of human social life encourages entrepreneurs to adapt to these requirements and switch to the digital human format. Several case studies have been analyzed within the framework of this study in order to identify the features of generational change in the business environment. The obtained results show the specifi of the generational change. Generation X, who started their business in the 1990s, is being replaced by more trained and competent entrepreneurs who have a clear understanding of how to run a business and where to move using digital technologies. We observe the following pattern of changing entrepreneurial cohorts: «X»→»Y»→»Z», the bundle «X»→»Y» can be described as a phenomenon of the «digital divide» and technological transitions and the bundle «Y»→»Z» is regarded as a more evolutionary transition from one model of moving business to another more digitalized and technologically advanced model. In this regard, we do not see a deep«digital divide», generation «Y» looks like a «digital person» in relation to generation «Z», fully adapted to current digital technologies.

The author analyzed and summarized approaches and methods for assessing the quality of life. Methods for assessing quality of life include indicators of material consumption and social connections. These indicators reflect the contribution of trade and public catering to improving the quality of life. The range of indicators characterizing the consumption of trade and food services is wide. Absolute, relative,structural indicators of consumption, quantitative indicators of the presence of a trading network, and subjective assessment of the quality of services are used. The results of the rating assessment in terms of consumption of trade and food services included in the calculation of the quality of life rating, calculated by VEB.RF (Khabarovsk) and the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (Khabarovsk Territory) indicate a low subjective assessment of quality with relatively high quantitative indicators of consumption and provision of trade area and food outlets in Khabarovsk and the Khabarovsk territory. Regional authorities in their work to improve quality of life should take into account the current results of market transformations in the society.

In this article market valuation of consulting services to small and medium business in the Khabarovsk territory is presented. Types of consulting services and corresponding tariffs are analyzed. As a discussion the approach to justifying the cost of consultations by comparing the cost of consultation with the average salary in the Khabarovsk territory of employees of the activity type «professional, scientifi and technical activities (in accordance with the All-Russian classifi of types of economic activities, RC 029-2014). Structural analysis of the provided consulting services in theKhabarovsk territory made it possible to identify the most demanded services, as well as increasing interest in business consulting services. Benefi and risks of consulting services are shown.

The results of analysis of housing sector in the Primorsk territory indicate an unsatisfactory situation. Primorye is characterized by a low total housing area per 1 resident, a lag in housing commissioning from the western and central regions of Russia, high share of dilapidated and emergency housing, low share of housing equipped simultaneously with water supply, drainage, heating, hot water supply, gas, etc. The pace of providing affordable housing for residents of the Primorsk territory laid down in regional programs is being implemented, but it is insufficient to significantly improve the situation. Extensive measures are mainly used: stimulating demand for housing, increasing funding for housing construction programs, reducing mortgage loan rates, implementing the Far-

Retail trade performs important economic and social functions, including meeting the needs of the population for marketable products and services. This is one

The lack of trade services can lead to a decrease in the quality of life of the population, and as a result, the outflow of the population to other regions. It is necessary to assess the dynamics, scale and level of retail trade development in the Khabarovsk Territory, to assess the intraregional differentiation of the population's access to retail trade services. Conclusions are drawn about an increase in the concentration of trade in the cities of Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur, as well as an increase in the differentiation in the consumption of retail trade services in the regions of the region. Areas with insufficient provision of retail space were identified. The directions of state regulation in this matter are proposed.

The author assessed the employment of labor resources in the important activities for maintaining the standard of living, such as wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, hotel and restaurant business. The calculations were carried out on the basis of official statistical data. The author studied the dynamics and structure of employees in the formal and informal sectors of the economy, the gender and age structure, the level of education of employees, the place of main work, work experience, and the length of the working week. the results of the analysis of labor resources allow us to formulate qualitative requirements for the level of education of labor resources and for the system of vocational education in the region that provides training.

Для обеспечения информацией всех заинтересованных сторон (органов государственной власти, местного самоуправления, предпринимателей) о состоянии конкурентной среды необходимы регулярные исследования уровня конкуренции, административных барьеров, работы органов власти по содействию развитию конкуренции. С целью выявления состояния и динамики развития конкурентной среды в торговле в статье поставлены задачи: выявить тенденции развития конкурентной среды в торговле Хабаровского края, их соответствие мировым и национальным тенденциям, основные проблемы в этой области и определить направления развития конкуренции в торговле. На основе изучения публикаций ученых в области развития торговли, официальных статистических данных, официальных отчетов органов исполнительной власти в статье показаны процессы, происходящие в торговле; произведена оценка конкурентной среды в Хабаровском крае и определены перспективы развития розничной торговли. ; Ключевые слова: торговля, конкурентная среда, административные барьеры, конкуренция, цифровая экономика, малое предпринимательство, розничная торговля.