Baykov Nikolay M.

The paper presents the analysis of the concept of «accessibility» in relation to the system of institutions of additional education for children in Russian society, its legal and scientifi basis. The accessibility of additional education for children as a subject area of various researchers has been analyzed. It allows us to distinguish different types of accessibility (legal, social, economic, transport, information, etc.). The state educational policy has achieved a systematic character in ensuring accessibility, and it is institutionalized by the coverage of children in classes and clubs, fiand certifi of personalized additional education, licensing of training programs, and areas of educational activity. The authors analyze the additional education accessibility at schools and beyond in assessments of students of the Far Eastern Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It was found that additional education during a school period has infl positively on student’s personal development and the choice of professional higher learning. Most students generally have a positive opinion on the system of additional education for children, but they note a number of problems related to the accessibility of educational programs they are interested in, the fi capabilities of families, and the distance of educational institutions from their place of residence. The results of the research actualize the efforts of state and municipal authorities to resolve the persistent problems of accessibility of additional education for children, especially for children living in remote areas and regions.

The article presents the analysis of the results of sociological study«Personnel potential of the authorities of the Far-Eastern Federal District: state, problems and development prospects,» carried out by the initiative group of sociologists of the Far- Eastern Institute of Management - branch of RANEPA with the support from the Offi of the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Far- Eastern Federal District. The results of the study indicate progressive development of the Far-Eastern territories in recent years: implementation of the large-scale national projects, attracting investments for creation and construction of new enterprises, development of social infrastructure, creation of thousands of new jobs, renovation of the appearance of the Far- Eastern cities and public spaces as a part of implementation of master plans for their development. The majority of state and municipal employees generally assess the socio- economic development of the Russian Far East as positive, but there is a number of serious problems that restrain positive trends: rising prices for goods and services, quality of health care and availability of medical care, level of remuneration and housing affordability, migration outfl of the population and decrease in the personnel potential of the region. Special role in the implementation of the national strategy for socio-economic development of the Russian Far East is given to the personnel potential of the state authorities and local self-government. However, self-assessments by the state and municipal employees indicate an insuffi immersion of the majority of them in the meaning, goals and content of the national development projects in Russia, which may reduce the effectiveness of their activities to achieve the targets for their implementation in their regions. The results of the study emphasize the need to improve the state and municipal services status, as well as the development of educational programs focused on the «socio-centric» motives of professional service.

The article presents the theoretical and empirical analysis of the demographic potential of young families in the Khabarovsk Territory as a quantitative and qualitative measure in measuring their objective and subjective characteristics. The review of the available academic publications on the topic of young families showed that researchers mainly focus on the problems and efforts of the state to provide social support by means of material resources. At the same time, the reproductive and educational function, marriage and divorce and other family relations’ issues in young families remain the domain of only a narrow circle of researchers. In methodological terms, the possibilities of institutional and group sociological analysis of the demographic potential of a young family are shown taking into account classical and modern scientifi approaches to its cognition. The results of the sociological research using the methods of a mass survey of young families, an expert survey, focused interviews and statistics are presented, allowing us to understand the nature of family identifi by a young family, the attitude of young people to marriage and divorce, reproductive attitudes and behavior, and migration plans. The main conclusions and results of the sociological study can be used to improve state and municipal programs for the demographic development of the Khabarovsk Territory.

The authors present an analysis of the historical period of training management personnel in the system of political party educational institutions created by the Soviet government. The formation and development of this new system in the Russian Far East was signifi complicated and restrained by the conditions of the protracted civil war and foreign military intervention, the high level of illiteracy of the local population, the lack of properly trained teaching staff, teaching aids, a small number of management personnel loyal to the new government, and remoteness from the central part and Soviet governmental bodies. The analysis of archival materials, governing party documents and available scientifi publications revealed that the systematic work of governmental bodies to create various forms of Soviet-party education focused on training management personnel with political potential to solve key and urgent problems of the integrated development of the Far Eastern territories. The study of the problem helps to expand the existing knowledge about the state Soviet policy in training management personnel, the forms, methods and techniques used, the infl of various factors on the system effectiveness. This is vitally important for identifying historical experience for the current phase of improving management personnel training for state authorities and municipal administrations.

The authors of the article present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the concept of the Khabarovsk residents’ involvement into territorial public self-government (TPSG) processes. A comparative analysis of consciousness and behavior of two categories of Khabarovsk residents (living and not living in houses with TPSG) carried out on the basis of a sociological research results allows authors to assert that residents living in houses with TPSG are more active and more involved into their house social live: they demonstrate a greater desire to be involved into competitions of TPSG projects, they are more likely to show their concern and involvement in solving problems of improvement of their yard territory, they are more likely to help by fi and material resources to create infrastructural projects, they are ready to take part in projects by personal contribution, they are more careful about projects created by their own hands in their backyard. Therefore, the main conclusion of the study: the development of TPSG can signifi increase residents’ social activity. In modern conditions, TPSG is the most successful tool for joint (local government and residents) solving of problems of yard territorial improvement. So, the TPSG improvement programs development in cities and towns is the most important strategic task of local governments and state authorities that includes involving of residents into processes of solving issues of local importance and increasing residents’ trust in local governments and public associations, because trust is fundamental for the development of society.

This article presents the results of sociological research of directions of supplementary education for children and the assessment of their impact on the personal and career-oriented development of younger generation on the example of the Khabarovsk territory. Supplementary education for children is considered by the authors in the context of the concept of «educational space», which is interpreted as a part of society, with its own system of subject-object relations of the state and the other structures for personal and professional education of children and youth. Analysis of the main scientifi approaches to the study of educational space presented in the article gives the authors a reason to use it for sociological research. Empirical results of sociological surveys obtained by the authors and domestic research centers indicate that the all-Russian trend towards increasing the diversity of educational services remains a signifi role in their regional location. Based on the data of sociological surveys of parents and children of different age groups, it is shown that the design of an individual children's educational space depends on many objective conditions and subjective factors in terms of the possibilities of the territory and families. The attitudes of parents, available resources and willingness to make efforts for the personal and career-oriented development of children determine the form and content of the regional supplementary educational space to the greatest extent. The authors consider it expedient to improve the state educational policy in direction of ensuring the quality of conditions and accessibility of classes for each child and success of their personal development and career guidance choice, regardless of the place of residence in the Khabarovsk territory.

Social activity of the city residents, aimed at changing in the different spheres of their life, implemented both in the structures of civil society and in the political organizations, has acquired a sound in scientifi discourse as «urban activism.» This term does not have an unambiguous defi which makes it diffi to operationalize it for sociological measurement, but allows using a number of methodological approaches to study this phenomenon in the structure of civil society in the city of Khabarovsk. Based on the sociology of «social movements» (G. Bloomer) and the analysis of collective actions from the standpoint of frame theory (I. Hoffmann), the article attempted to analyze the results of sociological studies of public opinion of citizens, refl indicators of their social activity, involvement in the socio-political sphere and actions of the local authorities. It has been shown that the origins of the low civic and socio-political activity of the citizens are rooted in a state of their concern about the urgent life problems that require their solution. They serve as a driving force, on the one hand, due to dissatisfaction with the real form of life, and on the other, out of desires and hopes for some new structure of their existence. It is noted that the semantic framework and value guidelines in the collective actions of the city community, authorities and activists of political parties are often contradictory and paradoxical, giving rise to indifference and alienation from the population from involvement in collective social activities to change life for the better. Strengthening of the position of civil activism aimed at the development of the city's civil society can be facilitated by targeted information and communication activities and demonstration of the successful initiative projects not only in the improvement of the urban environment, but also in formation of responsible political consciousness and behavior of the citizens.