Syupova Marina S.

Changes in the foreign economic situation and structural shifts in the Russian economy determine the need to form a new vector of investment development in the subjects of the Russian Federation, aimed at increasing investment activity. Investment activity determines the pace and sustainability of the socio-economic development of the region and acts as an important factor in the economic security of the territory. The article systematizes the main approaches to understanding the category of «investment activity in the region» and suggests the authors’ defi of this category in the context of economic security. The main factors determining the level of economic security in the investment sector were identifi within the framework of this study and their relationship in the logical chain was determined as follows: «investment activity → investment distribution→ investment effi The authors note that insuffi infl of investments into the region's economy entails many negative economic and social consequences (high wear and tear of equipment; unprofi of enterprises; low production effi and innovative activity, unemployment and others), which in the long term reduce the production and labor potential of the region. A system of indicators is proposed in order to identify problem areas existing in the fi of attracting investments, containing volumetric indicators (investment rate, accumulation rate, fi capital investments per capita), as well as indicators reflthe growth rate of investments. The proposed system of indicators also includes relative indicators, which increases the objectivity of the assessment, so it can be the main one to use for monitoring the level of investment activity in the regions. The authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation can also use it to assess the results of the implemented investment policy

Labor market conditions play special role in ensuring the economic security of the country and its individual territories. On the one hand, the state of labor market has a direct impact on the level of well-being of the population and the degree of their social security, the dynamics of real production and labor productivity. On the other hand, labor market indicators are characterized by a high sensitivity to existing threats of a social, economic and demographic nature. The COVID 19 pandemic and the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions have caused serious transformations that have led to an increase in tension and formation of n the new hotbeds of vulnerability in the labor market. Examining tension as the indicator of economic security of the region, this article highlights the threats that arise as a result of imbalance in the regional labor market (open unemployment, stagnant unemployment. Along with this, the article considers factors that increase stress.

The article is devoted to the problems of socio-economic differentiation of municipalities, the excessive manifestation of which forms a threat to the integrity of the socio-economic and territorial space of the region. In order to avoid crisis manifestations of intraregional inequality, it is necessary to constantly monitor the state and trends of socio-economic development of the territories, which will ensure the timely elimination of growing imbalances. To this end, the article proposes a methodological approach to assessing the level of differentiation of socio-economic development of municipalities in the region, which determines the stage of unevenness and analyzes the nature of changes in the processes of interterritorial inequality in the region. The proposed methodology provides for an assessment of the depth and scale of territorial differentiation by individual indicators, which allows us to identify the «pain points» of the socio-economic development of the region. To assess the overall level of socio-economic differentiation, an integral indicator is calculated that reflects the degree of deviation of the main parameters of the municipality from the regional average. Based on the results obtained, the territories are grouped according to the degree of differentiation, which makes it possible to justify the choice of measures and tools of regulatory influence on the development of individual municipalities by regional authorities. The methodology was tested on the example of the municipal districts of the Khabarovsk Territory. The study showed that the territories of the region are characterized by a critical level of the gap in the state of their socio-economic parameters, which is constantly growing. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the executive authorities of the region.

Целью данной статьи является оценка результативности региональной политики в сфере развития малого предпринимательства. Проведенный анализ показал, что в настоящее время наибольшее распространение получил индикативный подход. Авторами отмечается, что большинство современных методик оценки состояния малого бизнеса и результативности региональной политики в данной сфере основано на построении интегрального показателя. Однако единого методического подхода к оценке результативности региональной политики нет. Авторами предложена методика по оценке результативности региональной политики в сфере развития малого бизнеса и выявления степени её неравномерности между регионами. В её основу положен индексный подход, который позволяет перейти к единой безразмерной величине и сопоставить между собой исследуемые индикаторы. На основе предложенной методики авторами проведена оценка региональной политики в регионах Дальневосточного федерального округа (далее – ДФО). По результатам проведенной оценки субъекты ДФО были сгруппированы в три группы: первая группа включает регионы, где проводимые мероприятия обеспечили прирост всех (или почти всех) исследуемых показателей развития малого бизнеса; вторую группу формируют территории, в которых проводимая региональная политика эффективна, но значение исследуемых показателей не изменилось либо произошло снижение одного или нескольких индикаторов; третью группу составляют регионы, где проводимая политика не имела существенных результатов и большинство исследуемых индикаторов снизили свое значение. Использование данной методики позволяет определить наиболее проблемные направления региональной политики с целью её последующей корректировки. ; Ключевые слова: региональная политика, оценка результативности, малое предпринимательство, регионы ДФО.