Transport labor resources of the Far Eastern Federal District in the conditions of the Eastern vector policy

Abstract

The article considers the use of labor resources in the transport system of the Far Eastern Federal District. Under the conditions of the “turn to the East” policy and geopolitical changes of recent years, there is a reorientation of Russia's foreign trade cargo fl from the European direction to Asian countries (primarily China). It determines the increasing importance of transport in the eastern regions. The paper aims at analyzing the dynamics of labor resources usage, representing one of the key factors in transport functioning. Based on the data of offi statistics for 2017-2023, the study shows the contradiction between the dynamics of employment and the volume of work of the FEFD transport. It also underlines that the emerging multidirectional trends (decrease in the number of labor resources with the growth of transport work) form risks for transport system stable functioning. The thesis is confi by the calculation of the structure similarity index (Salai index) for transport employment in the Far Eastern Federal District against the background of all-Russian indicators. The value of the index for the macro-region (0.063) shows an extremely low level of differences, which means that the dynamics of the structure of transport employment in the macro-region and the all-Russian structure are in high agreement. The fact is not positive considering the high importance of the macro-region's transport in the national transportation system at present. Ensuring stable operation of transport in the Far Eastern Federal District requires not only the development of infrastructure (which is being actively implemented nowadays), but also the solution of problems in the labor market. Further negative trends of personnel defi in transportation may become a key limiting factor for the economy of both the macro-region and the Russian Federation as a whole. The obtained conclusions and estimates are to justify managerial decisions regarding the problem of personnel formation in the transport system of the Far Eastern Federal District.