Ярославцева Т.А

In this work the dynamics of formation of population of the Far East is considered, the migration role in preservation and replenishment of the population capacity of the region is analyzed. An assessment of participation of the separate streams of migration for the solution of modern problems of the population of the Far-East territory is given. The emphasis at the level and quality of life of the population which is the most important criterion for evaluation of the efficiency of social and economic policy of the state in the Far East is placed. It is offered to consider the life support system functioning in a certain social and economic environment and interacting with the system of managing of the state in the region.

In the modern conditions before the bodies of the state and municipal authority in the sphere of economic and property relations is a relevant task: attraction of investments into the economy and ensuring effective use of the property which is in the state or municipal ownership on the terms of concession agreements and improvement of the quality of goods, works, services provided to the consumers.

For attraction of private business to cooperation to the infrastructure sector of econ-omy it is necessary to create conditions and the fair procedure of competitive selection based on the effective system of criteria for evaluation of the proposals of participants of competitive competitions allowing raise the guarantees of successful implementa-tion of concession agreements, to lower the cumulative public expenses and risks. However the mechanisms of concession cooperation are insufficiently well studied.

In the present article separate aspects of the concession agreements allowing minimize the budgetary expenses and at the same time to achieve a result, especially, in the housing and public utilities are considered.

The level and quality of life of the population are the most important criteria for evaluation of the efficiency of social and economic policy of the state. In the Far East we suggest to consider the level and quality of life of the population through the life support system functioning in a certain social and economic environment and interacting with the system of managing of the state in the housing-and-municipal sphere. It is possible to evaluate efficiency of the state policy in the housing-and-municipal sphere from the point of view of functioning of the social organizational and managerial mechanism regarding provision of the privileges, benefits, subsidies. Not only the level of satisfaction of need for housing, but also the private indicators can be understood as a cumulative social effect: amount of the entered housing; amount of the raised funds; the population shares which had an opportunity to solve the housing problems independently.

In the conditions of demographic crisis, a difficult foreign policy situation and, in general, negative processes in the economy at the present stage of development, one of important tasks of the country is ensuring the social and economic security of the population. It is caused by the fact that there are social national groups which are in great need in the social and economic protection of the state. Social and economic security acts as one of the most important indicators of wellbeing of the country, the certain subject, the population of the specific territory. The Far-Eastern Federal District is the territory of advancing development which on the Strategy of 2030 of the Russian Federation shall become one of "the engine" of national economy.

The article is devoted to the legal bases of a family and marriage. Research of separate aspects of formation and evolution of the state regulation of matrimonial relations in Russia is conducted, stages of evolution of the family law are considered in this article. Research of the evolution of legal regulation of the family relations is actually and deserves close attention as the family is a social institute. Since XVIII century into the competence of public authorities gradually turned the regulation of some questions with which the church dealt before. Among them it is necessary to call the institute of marriage, widowhood, guardianship, creation of laws which regulated the property independence of the spouse. These questions were in the sphere of matrimonial relations which always were conservative; there were disagreements between the right and tradition. It occurred because the traditions are formed in decades, and sometimes and centuries, they can't quickly change and "to be arranged under the law rules. Unlike it the right is formed, develops and improved depending on the political, economic and ideological directions of the state activity. Contradictions between the tradition and the right in the sphere of matrimonial relations had the principle character since this question in the legislation directly mentioned the autonomy of the household and family relations.

In this article the process of formation and development of water and sewer economy in Russia is considered. Features of formation of the system of the water supply in the Far East in the Russian Empire and the years of the Soviet power prior to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War are reflected. Forms, methods and the main directions of management of the water supply concentrated on the organization of the system of high-quality water supply and the sewerage are analyzed. The requirement of intervention of the authorities in providing the population with the good-quality water was dictated by the need of creation of conditions protecting people from various epidemic diseases transmitted through the water. The requirement of population to resolve the problems of sufficient and high-quality water supply and cleaning of the resident places of the waste generally proceeded from the public of the cities. The research of experience of the activity of public authorities on providing the population with qualitative drinking water is presented useful in modern conditions.

The paper discusses the level of the Russian Far East transportation infrastructure development in terms of its integration into the North-eastern Asia transport market. The territory of the Far-Eastern Federal District is considered with the allocation of four segments. The author used the zoning of the Pacific Institute of the geographical Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences’ by the researchers M. T. Romanov and P.Ya. Baklanov detailed with the application of the cluster analysis method. The main indicators of transport functioning and the characteristics of transport networks (density, intensity of use) were put in the basis of clusters allocation (the volume of transportations, freight turnover). The segments of the Far East were analyzed from the point of view of specifics of the transport system development. The features of separate segments were marked out from the point of view of the transport functioning. The promising directions of transport development of the region’s separate segments were considered taking into account the possibilities of integration into the transport market of the North-eastern Asia.

Geopolitical imperatives and realization of the foreign policy purposes of the state in the Pacific region, leading installations on strengthening of the economic potential and an increase of the level of national security were a powerful factor of formation of the housing and communal complex at all stages of historical development of the Far East. The situation in housing and communal services is aggravated by the fact that the coastal parts of territories in the Far East were repeatedly flooded. So, the maximum rising of water in the rivers of the Amur region, the Khabarovsk territory, JAR in 1681, 1862, 1872, 1897, 1923, 1928, 1934, 1938, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1990, 2007 were fixed. Catastrophic floods were accompanied by the destruction of buildings and constructions that demanded considerable means for restoration of life order of the population. The large-scale flood in 2013 also involves the multimillion expenses. There were thousands houses, objects of a heat supply, water supply, power supply and improvement under the water, more than 135 thousand people suffered from it.

The hotel economy was nontraditional activity of the government bodies of the Soviet power. The state policy in the 1920th – the 1990th, except for the military period, was directed on expansion of the hotels in the system of municipal services taking into account regional features. In the hotel economy active development was noted in the 1930th – the middle of the 1980th. With transition to the rent relations the bases of financial activity of municipal hotels were transformed. Under the new conditions the most part of hotels, especially in the region of the North East, were ruined and closed because of bankruptcy therefore the number of hotels in the region since the end of the 1980th became sharp to be reduced, however, the need for hotel services remained.

The level and quality of life of the population are the most important criteria of an assessment of efficiency of the social and economic policy of the state. In the Far East we suggest to consider the level and quality of life of the population through the life support system functioning in the certain social and economic environment and interacting with the system of managing of the state in the housing-and-municipal sphere (further – housing and communal services).

Important activity of city’s Councils was the organization of a social and spatial urban environment and its improvement that was provided with the development of an external provision of all amenities of the territory.

Increased requirements to the provision of all amenities were based on the professional approach to the gardening organization, therefore creation of the city nurseries for cultivation of the saplings necessary for gardening of the territories, was obligatory.

Housing-communal complex is a special system of management aimed at the construction and reconstruction of living quarters, structures, engineering and social infrastructure in which the state regulation is an instrument of coordinating of the methods of managing with the purpose of providing of living conditions and the vital activity of population.

Организация пожарной охраны неизменно возлагается на органы центральной и местной власти и заключается в правовом регулировании вопросов организационно-правового, финансового, материально-технического обеспечения пожарных служб с целью оказания первичных мер противопожарной безопасности; разработке и осуществлении плановых профилактических мероприятий по защите от пожаров объектов недвижимости населенных пунктов и лесов.