Титкова А.Ю

The article explores the financing conditions of the investment demand of the real sector of economy with resources of the regional banking system. The article is based on the analysis of the existing impressions of the correlation character between the financial sector development level and the growth rates of regional economy, as well as approaches to explaining the investment and lending activity of the banks under economic and structural differences of different territorial entities of the Russian Federation. The research has been conducted utilizing the official data of the Federal Russian Statistical Service, data from the banking statistical sources, and data obtained during September of 2015 and March of 2016 monitoring of the banks, doing business in the region, including the affiliates of non-regional banks. The methodological apparatus of the research includes mathematical methods of processing of statistical data and data from sociological surveys of the banking experts. Validation of the methodological apparatus has been done using the example of the Khabarovsk Territory, which is considered to be representative of the Far East region: The Khabarovsk Territory includes both southern territories with high population density and high levels of economic activity, as well as northern territories, which have relatively low economic development rates. The character of spatial distribution of the economic activity predicates the concentration of the credit institutes in large population centers and significant differentiation in levels of access to banking services of businesses and population in different parts of the Khabarovsk Territory. Based on the results of the study, the pattern of participation of the banks in financing the real sector of the regional economy is influenced by a number of factors. It has been demonstrated that the experience of the past periods, economic expectations, the architecture of the banking system, as well as level of the financial management of companies greatly influence forecasting the results of demand and supply of banking services. The abovementioned factors also define the volumes and limits of lending, offered to the companies in specific region in specific period of time.

Instability in the economy for the last decades has financial nature. It was accompanied by worsening of external and internal market conditions, demand reduction for the products of industrial enterprises, especially for the products of the processing industry enterprise. Economy instability leads to the GDP decline, capital outflow from industrial and financial sectors of economy, investment, lending activity decrease. In these circumstances the role of state support instruments and measures increases. Banking sector is a leading institute of investment and current activity of business financing. In circumstance of instability and crisis, accompanied by capital outflows and restrictions to attract foreign sources of financing the role of the banking sector increases. For the last several years role of the microfinance organizations in providing financial resources for small business activity rises.

Development of the modern economy provides for investment of the economy entity to the activity. Investment allows economy entity to reach advantages before competitors, to realize capacity and as a result to realize strategic objective etc. Main parameters that characterize investment activity are: the quantity of occupied with researching activity; internal expenses to researching activity; expenses of technological innovation; the quantity of organizations who takes a part in investment activity; scale of works realized independently; investment to the main capital; the quantity of elaboration and new used technologies. Nowadays is very important to invest not only science innovation, but the elaboration too, the main and humanity capitals. Today there are some disproportions in investment process. Investors try to realize projects on the territory with developed infrastructure, full of natural resources, thereby minimize investment risks.