Бахарев С. М

Social and economic problems of the Far East of Russia are in many respects caused by its technological lag, low level of innovative development. The determining role in formation of innovative economy belongs to the institutes of innovative infrastructure which are the basic element of the regional innovative systems. Among them most important are technological and financial infrastructure. The analysis of dynamics of development of these institutes in the Far-Eastern macro-region shows that their formation happens to big lateness, and transition to an innovative type of reproduction isn’t a priority of the pursued state regional policy. The exception is made only by the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic which is consistently developing institutes of innovative infrastructure in the region. Presence of the institutes of development of federal level in the Primorsk territory extends. Results of the carried-out analysis can form the basis for acceptance by the public authorities in the macro-region of measures for formation and development of institutes of innovative infrastructure that, in turn, can become an important factor of improvement of a social and economic situation in the Far-Eastern federal district of the Russian Federation.

The demographic situation observed in the Far East of Russia is directly connected with the possibilities of the economy to provide working places for the employable population. Despite the fact that the adopted and implemented State policy is aimed at consolidating and increasing the population in the macro-region, a steady migration outflow is observed, which is directly related to the strengthening of the raw material trend of the economy and reducing jobs in manufacturing, as well as in the supplying industries and social sectors. Our research shows that the migration outflow of the population has a positive correlation with the continuing decline of jobs in the manu-facturing industries. The Pearson correlation coefficient between these two processes is 0.97, which indicates a high degree of influence of the employment structure change on the migratory behavior of the population. The changes in the basic sectors of the economy should be taken into account for consideration and prediction of de-mographic processes. The positive changes in the demographic situation are possible only due to transition to a qualitatively new model of economic development, based on the new, technologically improved manufacturing activities.

The small innovative enterprises are considered as the main propeller of innovative development of the region. At the same time, the entrepreneurs implementing the innovations meet difficulties of investment attraction in the projects of "seed" stage. The impossibility, for the most companies, overcoming then investment barrier leads to the forced termination of perspective projects. As a result, the innovative capacity of the region remains unrealized. Forming of the regional institutes of risk financing can be one of the problem resolutions. In the Khabarovsk territory there is an approbation of such institute created in the form of regional consolidation of "business angels". The reasons and results of work of the regional alliance of venture investors are provided in this article. The object of research the regional innovative system of the Khabarovsk territory, as a subject –subsystem of financing of the innovative projects acts.

The efficiency of innovative process as the activity directed on implementation of the innovative projects is provided with harmonious interaction of all subsystems of the regional innovative system which connection is provided with the innovative infrastructure. The main goal of the institutes of innovative infrastructure is a creation and development of the startup companies of the early stage of development where the venture capital is required. The evaluation of the organizations of innovative infrastructure of the regions of the Far-Eastern federal district (further – FEFD) is made by the Russian Federation on their ability to grow up and advance the innovative projects. The analysis shows rather fragmentary level of development of infrastructure in the regions of FEFD. At the same time, it is shown that the necessary institutes of innovative infrastructure can be created in rather short time as it is made in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). "Bottlenecks" in work of the regional subsystems that can become the basis for taking measures of practical character by the bodies of public regional government are revealed.