Гузман Е.В

In this article, the author describes the development of logging industry in the Russian Far East during the eighth five-year industrial plan. Given analysis of the forms and methods of Minlesprom and the logging and construction companies’ work in the Far East, provided reconstruction and construction of new timber farms, allowed the introduction of advanced technology, new equipment and increased the volume of logging. The greatest attention is paid to the organization of work to strengthen the material - technical base of the construction organizations, improving the quality of design and survey work activities, providing them with qualified personnel. Experience of construction of the new forest roads, mechanized platforms on cutting of the wood, the top warehouses with the equipped working settlements is reflected in the so-called economic way in this article. Forest industrial farms (further – FIF) created the construction base for construction of the objects, providing it with the qualified personnel, construction equipment and project documentation resolved the problems. As a result of collaboration of the construction organizations and FIF during the eighth five-year industrial plan 22 FIF new began their work and 8 were reconstructed, that allowed them introduce widely new equipment, improve the technology of logging works.

In this article the appearance of "Jewish problem" in Russia, and also the political, social, economic and religious reasons of its appearance are considered. It is established that for Russia the "Jewish problem" became actual in the XVIII-XIX centuries and was connected with the state policy concerning the Jewish population. The essence of such policy during the studied period was reduced to the establishment and development of "the pale of settlement" which was expressed in restriction of the rights of Jewish population in a free choice of residence, a type of professional activity and access to the cultural and educational values. The results of restrictions became a distress of Jews at the beginning of the XX century and their mass migration to the countries of the foreign and neighboring countries. Creation of the Jewish autonomous region was one of the versions of the solution of "Jewish problem" by the Soviet power in the 20 –30th of the XX century, based on ideas of the self-determination of "the people oppressed by tsarism". In this context the local bodies of the authority and management taking into account the national features freely had to be formed, develop the culture, education and religious traditions.

The paper is devoted to the «Birobidzhan project» as a form of implementation of the relocation policy in the 20th – 30th of XX century in the south of the Far East region of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The authors reveal the particularities of political and organization work for the Jewish Autonomous region foundations.