Ланкина Ю.С.

The article describes changes in the infrastructure of the cities of the south of the Amur governor-general related to the introduction of technological advances in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The activity of the city authorities to address the most acute problems of quality water supply for cities is shown on specific examples. Factors and conditions constraining the introduction of the drain in Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok are thoroughly analyzed. On the basis of archival material main forms of work on switching to electric urban lightning are identified and disclosed. Methods of urban electrification and its impact on the city appearance, consumer culture and economic development are described. The process of implementing means of urban communication, such as postal and telegraph services, is disclosed. A tendency of growth of the need of the citizens in rapid transfer of information that linked the urban space together is described. The article also reflects the development of urban transport. The factors which determined the adoption of such means of transport as bus and tram are revealed, and the reasons hindering their development in the studied cities are pointed out. Conclusions about a qualitative change in urban infrastructure in the analyzed period and its influence on the development of cities as a social and cultural center of the Far Eastern suburbs of imperial Russia are made in the article.

The article describes the process of building and shaping the architectural appearance of cities in the south of the Amur governor-general in the late XIX – early XX centuries. On the basis of the archive sources and a wide range of scientific papers, the factors that led to the development of the Far-Eastern cities and change of their architectural appearance are highlighted. Also the transition from chaotic building to a planned type is shown and architectural forms of urban space and its evolution from the late XIX – early XX centuries are revealed. The article also reflects specific features of building of the Far-Eastern cities and their impact on the appearance of Asian culture due to the geopolitical situation of the Far-Eastern region of the Russian Empire, which determines the development of external trade relations, functioning in the investigated cities, foreign enterprises and residence of foreign nationals, mainly of representatives from the countries of Asia. The article marks difficulties in solving the housing problem and its impact on the urban outskirts. Basic trends of revitalization of the city authorities in solving the problems of urban development are described. Consideration of the questions of forming the architectural appearance of the cities is being studied through the prism of their social and cultural development.

The article provides an overview of the historical research on the study of everyday life of the cities of the south of the Far East. With the advent of the term "everyday life" in the eighties of the twentieth century, this subject becomes of particular relevance in historical research. There appear studies that explore both theoretical problems of the history of everyday life, and specific aspects of the subject. On the basis of a wide range of scientific works and the structure of existing research and empirical data objectively presented in these works, the author updated the question of studying everyday life of the population of remote Far East region of the Russian Empire in the historical period 1884 - 1913 years. A review of the all-Russian processes through the prism of the historiography of everyday life of urban population of a given region allows show the diversity of the general historical process as a whole.

The paper is devoted to the characteristics of daily life of the citizens in the south of the Russian Far East at the end of 19th – 20th centuries. Due to the increased in recent years, scientific interest in the problems of social history there was an allocation of history of everyday life into a new branch of historical knowledge and history of everyday life in the Russian city of an independent branch of the industry [1]. The essence of the history of everyday life is reflected in the shift from the study of public institutions, economic structures, large communities in the study of human interaction in small groups, behavioral strategies, as well as the transition from the descriptions of the major historical events to the analysis of the daily routine. Consideration nationwide processes through the prism of the everyday urban Far-Eastern region allows you to show a variety of general historical process, enrich the science with new concrete historical facts and events.

The paper discusses the sanitary situations of cities in the South of the Russian Far East at the end of the 19th – 20th centuries. The author identified the main problems of the sanitary situation of cities as a part of daily life.

The article is devoted to leisure and holidays of the urban population in the South of the Russian Far East at the end of the 19th – the early 20th centuries. The authors analyze various activities for different categories of the population.

The article analyses the main aspects of the health service system in the cities of the Priamursk general – governorship at the end of the XIX – the beginning of the XX centuries. The features characteristic for the region, and some problems stopped the development of the health service system in the Priamursk general – governorship are reflected.