Liu Dianbo

The article is devoted to the study of the formation and development of the higher education system in China from the period of ancient kingdoms to the present day. The materials for the study are the historical materials, regulatory documents, statistics and the works of leading scientists, who studied the genesis of the higher education system and aspects of management. The purpose of the study is to analyze the process of evolution of the higher education system, the basic principles of management that have shaped the vector of its modern development. The objectives of the research are to identify the factors of modernization of the higher education system, to outline the stages of its historical development. China’s advanced higher education system is a unique phenomenon that world scientists and researchers in various fi and directions are trying to unravel. The feudal system, which dominated for more than two thousand years, the policy of isolationism, the denial of “Western” science and the belated opening of educational institutions of a new type, the Opium and colonial wars, internal contradictions, a multi-million populations and lack of equal educational opportunities, social differentiation are factors that determined the need for decisive action in the construction and accelerated modernization of China’s higher education system. The development of education and science has been a priority task of the state since the ancient times and the key goal is the well-being of the Chinese people. The presence of the higher education is a step towards stability and prosperity not only for the population, but also for the state, since highly educated qualifi personnel are the support of the nation and the state, guarantors of the effective governance and prosperity of the state.

The article studies the formation of management thought in China: from the period of ancient kingdoms to the present day. The study is based on papers by thinkers and philosophers, works by leading scholars, political and public leaders having studied the phenomenon of management. The works by Chinese thinkers and scholars have been covering the problems of management in details for many centuries being a support and guide in matters of morality, fair and successful management. The article considers the major ideas of leading socio-logical and philosophical schools and also the ideas by outstanding thinkers, public and political figures. It formulates the main stages in the development of Chinese management, in particular, the stages of the formation and development of the Marxist management ideology under the conditions of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. An important fact is one of the main leitmotifs of the Chinese management of at all times: “The people is the basis of the state”, making the results of the study relevant for improving the system of domestic state governance, society and business.