Motrich Ekaterina L.

The purpose of this study is to analyze demographic and migration processes in the Russian Far East (consisting of 11 regions) under the negative infl of external factors in 2019-2022. The research algorithm includes: analysis of the total number and natural movement of the Far Eastern population; assessment of the migration dynamics of the Russian Far East in 2019-2022. It is shown that the Far East exists in a diffi demographic state, since the macro-region has seen a decrease in population due to a reduction in its natural growth and a negative balance of migration. It was determined that natural decline in the population of the Far East began to be observed in 2019, which was associated with its aging and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic with a decrease in the birth rate. It was revealed that after the pandemic caused by COVID-19, even more people began to leave the Far East for other regions of Russia. As a result, the excess of the population leaving the macro-region over the arriving population in the Far East was more than 11%. It is shown that by 2022, migration interaction between the Far East and foreign countries was generally characterized by a negative balance. It was revealed that restrictions related to the pandemic, as well as sanctions on the Russian economy, had a negative impact on the entry of people into the Far East from the foreign countries. The author suggests that in order to attract people to the Far East, economic development of the macro-region is necessary, capable of increasing per capita incomes comparable to other more successful federal districts. All other things being equal, the main current goal is to ensure the maintenance of socio-economic system of the Far East, corresponding to the low population level of macro-region.

In the article, the author presents an analysis of demographic situation in the Far-Eastern federal district in its modern administrative boundaries, approved and formalized at the end of 2018. When compiling demographic portrait and analyzing the prevailing demographic processes in the Russian Far East, statistical materials were

In this work the dynamics of formation of population of the Far East is considered, the migration role in preservation and replenishment of the population capacity of the region is analyzed. An assessment of participation of the separate streams of migration for the solution of modern problems of the population of the Far-East territory is given. The emphasis at the level and quality of life of the population which is the most important criterion for evaluation of the efficiency of social and economic policy of the state in the Far East is placed. It is offered to consider the life support system functioning in a certain social and economic environment and interacting with the system of managing of the state in the region.

The article analyses contemporary socio-economic potential, specific features of development and the dynamic of population in the main cities of the Primorsk territory. Absolute and relative indicators of the natural movement and migration flows, parameters of employment, unemployment and demand for manpower in the local labor markets in the cities of Vladivostok and Ussuriysk are analyzed. The results of sociological surveys conducted in 2013-2014 in Vladivostok and Ussuriysk directed on identification of the stimulating and constraining migratory motivations of inhabitants are described. Evaluations of the quality and availability of the social sphere services are given in the cities of Vladivostok and Ussuriysk. The article presents expected variants of the permanent resident population in the main cities of the southern zone of the Far East till 2030, formed under the influence of natural factors and migratory movements taking into account the strategic objectives of national and territorial level at the Pacific boundaries of Russia.

In the article the geography of migratory processes in the Khabarovsk territory is considered, its role in the change of population size and the age structure are analyzed, the effectiveness of migration interaction with the subjects of the Russian Federation and CIS countries is shown.

The paper deals with the problems of demographic development of the Khabarovsk Territory in comparison with the indicators across the Far-Eastern Federal District. The attention to the topical issues of reproduction of the population - the balance of births and deaths, and the migration issues is paid. Based on the analysis of current problems, a forecast of the population size in the Far-Eastern Federal District and the Khabarovsk Territory until 2030 is given.