Antonova Natal'Ya E.

This article analyzes the tax return from the forest resource exploration in the forest regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, using both absolute and specific indicators for the economic activity «Wood Processing and Wood Product Manufacturing.» The paper reveals that local budgets are primary recipients of tax revenue, mainly due to the individual income tax. The Primorsky Kray and the Khabarovsk Kray lead by absolute indicators within the district structure, although regions with lowest timber harvesting volumes lead by specific indicators. The study concludes that despite the ongoing policy to stimulate technological development and production of value-added products, the tax return on the process is still modest, as the income tax plays an insignificant role in tax revenues. Under current conditions, demand for processed products remains a problem: the reduction in external demand due to sanctions is not offset by weak domestic demand. It is becoming necessary to introduce modern technologies to explore forest resources to produce competitive products with high added value.

The article examines the main resource and production characteristics of the forest system of the Khabarovsk Territory, analyzes the dynamics of the logging and timber processing industries during the pandemic crisis and geopolitical changes of recent years. It also considers some approaches to measuring the effi of forest resource usage. Based on the approaches, the paper selected indicators characterizing the effi usage of forest resources, adapted them for the regional forest system, and performed an analysis of both the productivity of the forest system and its industries. The study reveals that the forest system of the Khabarovsk Territory is characterized by fairly effi usage of forest resources in the period of 2018-2022. A comparison of productivity by logging and timber processing industries showed that in the latter one it was higher for almost the entire period in question, while changes in constituting conditions infl the decline in logging productivity.

Direction and dynamics of development of raw materials industries (mining and forest complexes) in the structure of diversifi economy of the Khabarovsk territory in the context of implementation of the policy of accelerated development of the regions of the Far-Eastern federal district have been studied. Results of the impact of key instruments of this policy on the structural and dynamic parameters of the resource sector and the growth of its importance in the economy of the Khabarovsk territory are analyzed. It is shown that as a part of adjustment of the system of state regulation in the Russian Federation in the new geo-economic conditions, instruments of state support and measures of active infl on the structural parameters of raw materials industries are being formed in order to their industrial diversifi Institutional conditions are identifi and project prospects for such diversifi for the resource sector of the Khabarovsk territory economy are shown.

The ESG-policy (policy in the field of environmental, social and corporate governance) as an instrument for implementing the concept of sustainable development has been studied. The international and Russian practice of applying ESG principles in the corporate sector is considered. The institutional field of state regulation of the ESG policy in the Russian Federation is analyzed with an emphasis on its environmental component. Possibilities of using the taxonomy of sustainable development projects of two types (green and adaptive) as an instrument of the ESG policy to attract concessional financing and to form economic incentives for transition to the advanced environmental standards are shown. Examples of implementation of ESG approaches at the corporate level in the natural resource sector of the Russian Far East are considered. Promising for implementation for the forest-rich Russian Far East are forest-climate projects (measures for reforestation and afforestation, conservation of especially valuable forests, increasing the degree of beneficial use of forest resources) related to green taxonomy. The potential for reformatting promising investment projects in the resource sector of the Far-Eastern federal district into sustainable development projects is shown on the example of the formation of a metallurgical cluster. The possibility of transferring the principles of the ESG policy from the corporate level to the level of macro-regional regulation in the Far-Eastern federal district is considered. This will expand the structure of investment sources for the implementation of the state policy of accelerated development of the macro-region through green financial instruments for resource projects that have the potential to move into the taxonomy of sustainable development projects.

The economic security and sustainable development of the Far-Eastern economy are the key strategic parameters for the development. Most of the administrative subjects of the Russian Far East belong to the resource-type regions. The structure of their economy is dominated by sectors exploiting natural resources. This fact determines the importance of the resource factor. The significance of the transport factor is due to the significant area of the region and its remoteness from key sales markets. The Asian region is currently one of the most rapidly developing parts of the global economic system. The geographical proximity of the Russian Far East to еру the key Asian countries create the prerequisites for economic cooperation and integration. First of all, cooperation with China is developing. Resource and transport factors are important during the process of cooperation and integration with the Asia-Pacific Дальний Восток: новые стратегии и модели развития region. In the article the impact of the resource and transport factors on the Far-Eastern economic security and sustainability development in the context of the region’s integration in the Asia-Pacific region is considered. On the example of the forest, agricultural resources and transport capabilities of the Far East use the potential problems for the economic security of the region are analyzed. The international trade, investment and transit interactions in these sectors are considered. Barriers to the integration of the Far East in the Asia-Pacific region from the point of view of the resource and transport factors are described.

In this article the forest and transport complexes of the region from the positions of their mutual influence at each other are considered. The article is directed to identification of the main aspects of mutual influence of two key complexes of the Far East. Historical digression of their joint formation is given, it is shown that a transport factor together with a factor of external demand promoted concentration of the timber industry production in the most developed areas adjoining the close foreign markets, transport ways that led to exhaustion of resources in these areas. The modern directions of movement and check points of the forest goods abroad are considered, the analysis of capacity of transport infrastructure is made, problems of its functioning which first of all treat a weak permeability of frontier with the People’s Republic of China within the Far East and asymmetry of development of transport infrastructure of the export direction are revealed. The possible directions of solution of these problems are considered.