Bulanova Marina A.

Sociological analysis of interaction of the local governments with the population of Khabarovsk, presented as the local community is given in this article. Based on the forms of participation of the population determined by the current legislation, evaluation of their relevance in solving the problems of local importance and urgent problems of life was given. From the methodological standpoint of sociology, the author interpreted the results of public opinion polls of the citizens as the forms of their collective behavior and involvement in the socially useful activities in the territory of their residence, in public hearings, and participation in the municipal elections. As a result of research, it was determined that the activity of the participation of the population of Khabarovsk in the legally determined forms of interaction with the local self-government is extremely low due to the weakness of solidarity social ties, high disunity of power and civil society. This is due to both the objective conditions for localizing residents in city apartments of apartment buildings and their subjective assessments of dissatisfaction with the activities of local governments to solve the urgent problems of their life and unwillingness to contribute to their solution. To increase the civic activity of population, it is advisable to develop the network interaction with the local government on the basis of modern means of communication, aimed at formation of the solidarity local communities in the territories of residence, to stimulate them with grant support from the city budget.

The article presents theoretical overview of scientific approaches to the study of «social ideas» as a fundamental construct of sociology and related sciences and the results of their sociological measurement among the schoolchildren of the Khabarovsk territory. Genesis of the concept «social representations» (social representations), which has its origins in scientific views and conceptual justifications from the classics of social sciences (sociology, social psychology, etc.) to modern domestic and foreign researchers, reflects both its high significance and the complexity of interpretation and empirical measurement. The methodological analysis of the main scientific approaches to the study of this construct gives reason for the authors to widely use them as the basis for the sociological measurement of social ideas of students in general education schools.The empirical results of sociological surveys obtained by the authors indicate that the school education system forms collective social ideas of students as stable education of ideas, views, values and knowledge, having the central cores of representation, based on quantitative and qualitative indicators. Their sociological measurement testifies to the content and objectification of social ideas regarding study, educational and professional plans, migration moods. The authors consider it expedient to use the presented results of sociological measurement of social ideas of schoolchildren to develop measures to improve state educational policy, primarily in the formation of a value-motivation attitude (meanings and images) to study, the choice of profession, place of work in the regional labor market and other life plans.

One of the main national goals determined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 21.07.2020 No 474 «On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030» is preservation of the population, which should be ensured thanks to the demographic policy measures. The analysis was carried out by correlating the planned fertility rates (total fertility rate) with those actually achieved for the period 2002-2020 in the Far-Eastern constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The author gave an assessment of influence of the age-sexual

In the Russian Federation preservation of the population is one of the main strategic tasks. Two demographic processes affect the safety of the population - fertility

Poverty reduction is one of the main objectives of the state policy in the Russian Federation. In the decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 474 of 21.07.2020 «On the national goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030,» a target is determined - reducing the poverty level by half by 2030. To measure poverty in the Russian Federation until 2021, the absolute concept was used. Within the framework of this concept, it is planned to create a minimum standard on the basis of which the level of poverty was determined. In the Russian Federation, a consumer basket is adopted as a standard, on the basis of which the cost of living is calculated. The cost of living is the threshold for poverty. Since 2021, the methodology for measuring poverty has changed, the calculation is based on the relative concept, the median method is used to measure poverty. A number of countries also use the multidimensional poverty concept with a set of indicators to measure poverty. The article provides a comparative analysis of methodological approaches for poverty assessment. The article proves that the level of poverty depends on the methodological approach underlying its measurement. The author believes that only a multidimensional approach to measuring poverty will contribute to the development of effective public policies to overcome poverty.

The population policy of any country is formed depending on that demographic situa-tion which develops in its territory. There are two types of population policy, depend-ing on the instruments of state influence, constraining and stimulating. The character of population policy is determined by the purposes. The main objectives of the popu-lation policy of Russia are reflected in the conceptual documents, such as a concept of long-term social and economic development of the Russian Federation till 2020, the Concept of population policy of the Russian Federation till 2025, etc. This article is devoted to the analysis of achievement of purposes which are reflected in the con-ceptual documents of the Russian Federation, and to definition of a possibility of their achievement. The author has made an attempt of analysis of achievement of goals of the population policy. On the example of the Russian Federation possibilities of achievement of purposes are determined, the comparative analysis of demographic indicators of Russia and different countries of the world is carried out. The reasons of non-performance of target indicators are determined.

The author proposes a conceptual approach to the formation of the selective regional policy as a separate type of regional policy, including the definition of «selective regional policy» and classification of its types concerning the object and the nature of the electoral impact of the state for regional development. The classification of selective regional policy` instruments allows determine the limiting and stimulating effects of selective state to endogenous and exogenous type of regional development in organizational methods of regional policy.

This article is devoted to the analysis of factors which influence the social mobility. It could be proved that it is necessary to include these factors in the strategy of social and economic development of the Khabarovsk region until 2025.

В статье дана характеристика социальных групп работающей молодежи, выделенных в соответствии с определенными критериями. Социальная мобильность работающей молодежи Хабаровского края проанализирована с помощью количественных показателей.

The article reveals various theoretic and methodological approaches to the research of social mobility. Different classifications and ways of the measurement of social mobility are highlighted.