In this article the social-and-ecological practices of the Old Believers which are formed under the influence of religious outlook and social conditions in the course of their adaptation in the new territories are considered. The Old Belief which has ap-peared in social structure of the Russian society in XV11 century owing to the reli-gious reform represents a social group which confessional accessory determines its sociocultural signs. Isolationism of the Old Believers caused by persecutions from the state has determined their social way which has appeared owing to the created out-look on a religious basis. Fidelity of the church tradition which wasn't allowing laici-sation of life of the personality has provided formation of valuable installations of soul saving and the social service which have determined the ways of activity of people. The religious outlook, communal way of life acted as the major factors forming the social-and-ecological practices of the Old Believers carrying the lines of the nature protection activity.
