Цветова Г.В.

This article analyzes the medical services market in the Khabarovsk territory for the period of 2014–2018. Data on the number of state and municipal medical institutions in the Khabarovsk territory, data on the number of medical personnel, consumer prices for certain types of medical services are analyzed. It was found that there is an annual steady increase in the volume of paid medical services in the Khabarovsk territory during the analyzed period. There are a number of factors that limit development of the medical services market, including the low population density, large distances between the settlements, low incomes of the population. Factors hindering the development of the medical services market include barriers associated with the market entry, such as: licensing, strict requirements for implementation of medical activities, limited budget funding, imperfection of the regulatory framework. The article discusses the question of availability of medical services for population of the Khabarovsk territory, which consists of the transport, personnel and price components.

This article examines the impact of digital instruments on the economic and social development of the state; an overview of the benefits and threats of the digital economy; the conclusion was made about the accelerated development of the digital economy in a pandemic. The advantages of development of the digital economy include increasing the availability of various services, the emergence of new opportunities for training and mastering new types of professional activities, the creation and maintenance of the safe and comfortable conditions for human life. The threats to the digital economy are related to the reduction of medium-skill jobs through the release of personnel, the difficulties of using digital tools due to the low level of digital literacy of the citizens, financial fraud. The development of digital economy is influenced by the factors such as the demand for digital technologies; the emergence of innovative technologies; personnel potential; state regulation; Financial resources for the development and implementation of digital technologies. To overcome the threats of the digital economy, it is necessary to implement joint efforts of the authorities at different levels, educational organizations and employers in solving not only financial problems, but also ensuring that the infrastructure of the digital economy meets its personnel needs.tion and housing. Due to the strengthening of the fight against terrorism, the highest growth rate was observed in the group of expenditures on national security and law enforcement. Due to lagging revenue growth rates from the growth rate of budget expenditures in Birobidzhan, there is a systematic budget deficit and an increase in municipal debt. The municipal unit, unable to refuse to fulfill its social obligations, is objectively forced to increase the level of unproductive debt load using loans from commercial credit organizations in the conditions of low budget security and chronic deficit of the municipal budget. The article highlights the factors of instability of the studied MU and identifies budget risks that limit its budget stability, and determines the main directions for improving the budget stability at the municipal level.

Increase in the prices for the real estate leads to the constantly increasing gap between the housing prices and the income of citizens. It isn’t possible to get housing in property under the contract of purchase and sale without the use of borrowed funds for the most of Russians. Mortgage lending is the most acceptable way of buying of the property premises. Existence of the own housing brings an element of wellbeing and stability in the life of people, and it is very important, according to the sociologists that housing appeared as soon as possible, but not after ten years’ expectations. In this regard the alternative to mortgage housing lending doesn’t exist. Systematization of approaches to an assessment of availability of services of mortgage lending to the population in the following parameters is presented in the article: the average rate on a mortgage; a share of the monthly located income which is spent for payments for IZhK; total amount of “overpayment” on a mortgage; the amount of initial contribution for receiving a mortgage loan; a set of documents for submission of the credit application and confirmation of solvency; possibility of the choice of a way of repayment of a mortgage loan. The methodological basis of a research is made by a system approach, functional and comparative analysis, the method of expert evaluations.

At present, increasing the effectiveness of insurance markets at the national and territorial levels contributes to the successful implementation of economic reforms aimed at streamlining the structure and dynamics of the socio-economic system of the state as a whole and its individual elements in particular, including social protection of the population. The development of regional insurance markets is one of the important factors in the development of the regional economy, the growth of investment activity, and an increase of social and economic stability in the society. The Russian insurance market lags behind in its development from the insurance markets of developed countries in general and at the regional level. The article analyzes the state of the insurance market of the Far-Eastern federal district. The authors’ view on the problems of its functioning and the development tendencies is presented.

The most important questions concerning an increase in financial literacy of the population in the Russian Federation have found reflection in this article. Educational projects directed to an increase in financial literacy of the population are a part of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of financial education. Increase in financial literacy of the population is impossible without efforts of the authorities of different levels in this connection the review of educational projects directed to an increase in financial literacy, submitted by the authors of the article is relevant. Now the Federal methodical network (further – FMN) on financial literacy of the system of general and secondary professional education which has the two-level structure consisting of the Federal methodical center for financial literacy of the system of general and secondary professional education and fifteen regional methodical centers (further – RMCs) is created. RMCs allow create in all territory of the Russian Federation conditions for the development of personnel potential – specialists in training of financial literacy.

This article is about different methods of the state regulation in the sphere of heat and power energy. The government influences on the economic process in the state through the system of state regulation. The methods of regelation and a level of tariffs of heat and power energy are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn on exist-ence in the Russian Federation of a problem of the difference level of tariffs in the region. Recommendations about the smoothing of tariffs and the methods of lowering tariffs are provided.

In this article the modern approaches to a definition research "credit risk" are described. Classification of the external and internal factors of a business environment exerting impact on the indicator of credit risk is given. The overdue debt statistics on the credits at the level of the country caused by the economic crisis starting in 2014 is analyzed. In addition to the traditional methods of regulation of the indicator of credit risk at the level of credit institutions the instruments of correlation analysis allowing evaluate the connection’s narrowness between the credit risk and factorial signs exerting the impact on it are offered. The authors undertook a test of hypothesis of correlation of credit risk of the credit institutions and the level of unemployment, general coefficient of population shift and a consumer price index at the level of the Russian Federation. The exponential model of a trend for the forecast of credit risk of a portfolio of physical persons at the level of the country is made, and the forecast of economic indicator on its basis is performed.

In this article theoretical aspects of one of actual, but thus the least worked problems of the modern budgetary relations – problems of an uncertainty and losses in the budgetary process are considered. The existing approaches to determination of the category "budgetary risks", types of the budgetary risks are analyzed; allocation of the kinds of risks of the budgetary process in relation to the stages of the budgetary process is offered. Stages of risk management of the budgetary process are presented.

In the article the main concepts of transport complex development of the Russian Far East in the long term are considered (the period till 2030). These concepts are formed on the basis of officially approved documents of industry and macroeconomic trends. Three possible scenarios are allocated: I – minimum (basic), II – maximum (innovative), III – corrected. According to the author the most real development of transport complex of the region is the III scenario. This concept is created taking into account the projects that are already being realized in the field of transport and the corrected prospects. The scenario III is the most truncated concerning a set of projects and their parameters. In fact this concept fixes the only direction of development of the region transport system – to the service raw materials export from Siberia and the Far East to the countries of NEA. Realization of this concept of development contains a number of risks for the long-term development of transport and the region as a whole.

In this article realization of one of the principles of functioning of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation – the principle of transparency (openness) of the budget is considered. One of the aspects of realization of this principle is giving to the citizens and business of information on budgets of different levels in open access, in a form, clear for perception. Thus, as one of the instruments of increase of budgetary literacy the budget for citizens can be considered. The vast majority of Russians don't show a great interest to promoting of information on the budgets of different levels. Thus, the relevance of solution of the problem of increase of the budgetary literacy level is represented obvious. The reasons of this problem and what measures can promote an increase of budgetary literacy are analyzed by the author of this article.

In this article practical aspects of the realization of one of the fundamental principles of management of public finance – the principle of transparency meaning the openness of activity of the authorities of different levels for implementation of public control by the means of ensuring an access to information on the budget and the budgetary process, and also the quality of provided to the public information are considered. Current state of “The Open Budget” project at the level of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation is analyzed, methodological problems of formation of the budgetary data in the form, available to understanding to the public, are investigated and the possible ways of their solutions are proposed.

In the article the Project of the Budget strategy of the Russian Federation prepared by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation for the period till 2030 is considered. The authors generalized the theoretical representations proving the need of the long-term budgetary forecasting, and also the own evaluation of the contents of the Project of the Budget strategy of the Russian Federation for the period till 2030 is given. The author's evaluation of the project of the Budget strategy is presented taking into account the need of observance of the obligatory principles determining basic requirements which have to be observed when developing the long-term forecasts.

The article deals with the financial and economic aspects of the activities of so-cially oriented non-profit organizations in the Russian Federation and the far eastern Federal District; it analyses the main problems these organizations to the development and full participation in the regional economic and social development. Study on qualitative and quantitative composition of the sources of funding so-cially oriented non-profit organizations, depending on the type of their activities.

In the article the development of the mechanism of cash-desk service of the regional budgets administration in Russian Federation and in the Khabarovsk territory is considered. The special attention is given to the analysis of variants of the cash-desk service of the regional budgets under the conditions of the budgetary process reform.