Naiden Svetlana N.

The article presents an overview of scientifi research by domestic and foreign authors devoted to emerging and functioning of local labor markets. The study defi the concept of “a local labor market,” its essence, structure, and characteristics, as well as the peculiarities of market formation at various hierarchical levels of the territorial system. By systematizing the data, the research proves that local labor markets operate within specifi geographical areas where labor supply and demand are determined by local economic conditions directly infl requirements of employers and employees’ demands when looking for and hiring jobs. Analyzing the methods of identifying local labor markets in space, the study concludes that the parameters of transport accessibility, job density, employment and labor mobility are most often used as criteria for substantiating their areas. It also concludes that the mobility and fl of market boundaries do not coincide with the administrative- territorial division. The study underlines the importance to search for ways and tools to substantiate local markets in modern conditions.

The article examines the energy and heat supply systems of the Khabarovsk Krai taking into account the changes in the institutional conditions of their functioning. The electric power industry is viewed as a branch of specialization of the region due to the concentration of dispatching and management functions in the region. The paper states that the technological status of the energy system of the region is inferior to the neighboring regions of the Eastern Unifi Energy System, which is due to the old generating equipment and the increasing capacity defi Taking heat economy characteristics into account the situation in the region is more favorable than in the southern zone of the Far Eastern Federal District. Basing on the consumption and purchasing power assessment, economic accessibility of electric and thermal energy makes the Khabarovsk Krai inferior to neighboring regions, which is due to a higher level of electricity tariffs, and a higher thermal energy consumption.

The article discusses the current trends in the spread of a new coronovirus infection COVID-19 and its consequences during the pandemic (2020–2021) in the context of the regions of the Far East. Using a distributed lag autoregressive model

The article examines prevailing tendencies of social development in the FarEastern federal district during the period of active state policy for the advanced development of macro-region (2013-2020). On the basis of statistical information, the parameters reflecting the demographic dynamics and well-being of the population are analyzed in the context of the subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district. It was revealed that, despite the measures taken to stabilize the population and create comfortable conditions for attracting labor resources to the region, the downward trend of natural and migration movement of the population continues. It is shown that the persistence of an increased birth rate in national entities compared to the national average is accompanied by a decrease in the number of women of reproductive age and a drop in rates, including under the influence of adjusting reproductive attitudes against the background of a coronavirus infection pandemic, which is subsequently fraught with a transition to negative performance. It has been established that high mortality rates continue to persist in the macro-region, especially among people of working age, due to both the low standard of living and the poor development of the health infrastructure, which limits timely access to medical care. It is substantiated that the economic conditions during the study period did not contribute to the positive dynamics of the level of well-being of the population of the Far East, primarily due to the lack of growth in real cash income. A conclusion is made about the low probability of achieving the target social indicators stated in the official strategic documents for the development of the Far East.

Sustainable development of the society implies the presence of highly developed human capital, the necessary condition for the growth of which is the creation and maintenance of a decent quality of life, providing a modern and accessible social infrastructure for all segments of the population. One of the limitations of solving this problem is the objective uneven spatial distribution of economic and social resources throughout the country, which is most used in the regions of the Far East, which are characterized by a high differentiation of living standards and experiencing an outflow of the population. The search for an objective connection between the indicators characterizing the development of social infrastructure and the growth of human capital, as well as its adequate assessment, are the goal of this article. The article discusses the features of prevailing distribution of the population and human potential among the subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district. The statistical materials in the Khabarovsk territory analyze the dynamics and components of the Human Development Index, which is officially calculated by the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that the reason for the lag of HDI in the region from the national average is associated with the low indicators of life expectancy. Based on the standard methodology using the index approach, an assessment is made of the relationship between the level of development of social infrastructure and the human capital index, as well as the human development index. As a result of the study, it was found that between the dynamics of human capital development and the level of development of the social infrastructure of the Khabarovsk territory there is a direct moderate link, supported to a greater extent by investments in the education infrastructure and, to a lesser extent, by healthcare. The limited substantive interpretation of the estimates obtained at the regional level is justified, which requires additional disaggregation and comparative comparisons at the municipal level.

The experience of domestic and foreign studies demonstrates the problem of the relationship between demographic and socio-economic factors, among which the growing social income inequality of the population is important. For the Far East as a macro-region with a declining population, the problems of leveling social stratification are of particular value. The aim of the study is to estimate the relationships between regional demographic dynamics (fertility, general and infant mortality, morbidity) and income inequality of the population (in the form of Gini ratio, fund ratio, poverty level). The subject of the study is the subjects of the Federation of the Far East Federal District. As part of the traditional approach to quantitative analysis based on general regression models, it becomes possible to obtain estimates of their modifications - models with fixed effects. The study revealed two latent integral characteristics of social inequality for the Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation: “income inequality” and “availability of benefits.” Estimates of the impact of income inequality on demographic indicators have been obtained: common for all territories and fixed for each region separately. It has been established that positive changes in demographic dynamics against the background of increased income differentiation tend to occur at the expense of faster income growth in the most affluent group of the population. It is justified that the implementation of progressive population policies in the macro-region is possible only if the social inequalities are reduced and public spending on social assistance and investment in the social benefits is increased.

Assessment of demand of the population for the services of power supply in the conditions of the southern zone of the Far East is presented in this article. Differentiation of availability of services to consumers depending on the power supply sources on the example of the Khabarovsk territory is shown. Distribution of payments for the power supply services consumed by the population is presented. It is proved that in case of transition to a full recovery of expenses of producers of services of power supply it will be required to an increase considerably scales of social support from the budgets that contradicts the logic of institutional transformations directed to a decrease in financial load of the state.

The article analyzes the dynamics of consumer prices and tariffs for housing and communal services, household spending on housing maintenance and payment of utili-ty services, and the costs of consolidated budgets for housing and communal services in the context of implementation of communal reform. Based on the author's approach, estimates of the real contribution of the population and the state to support the housing and communal services in the whole country and in the context of the regions of the Far East are presented.

The article analyses contemporary socio-economic potential, specific features of development and the dynamic of population in the main cities of the Primorsk territory. Absolute and relative indicators of the natural movement and migration flows, parameters of employment, unemployment and demand for manpower in the local labor markets in the cities of Vladivostok and Ussuriysk are analyzed. The results of sociological surveys conducted in 2013-2014 in Vladivostok and Ussuriysk directed on identification of the stimulating and constraining migratory motivations of inhabitants are described. Evaluations of the quality and availability of the social sphere services are given in the cities of Vladivostok and Ussuriysk. The article presents expected variants of the permanent resident population in the main cities of the southern zone of the Far East till 2030, formed under the influence of natural factors and migratory movements taking into account the strategic objectives of national and territorial level at the Pacific boundaries of Russia.

The paper reviews current trends in the housing and municipal infrastructure as a factor in improving the quality of life in the Far East of Russia. Distinctive socio-demographic parameters of the region are given. On the example of the Khabarovsk Territory actual funding requirements for capital repairs of housing and modernization of municipal infrastructure are given.