Garnaga Anastasia F.

This article presents an analysis of the living space marginalization processes in the cities of the Far East of Russia, which represents a specific form of socio-spatial exclusion. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a comprehensive approach towards analyzing living space marginalization, considering the specific features of the Far Eastern region, and in creating the typology of marginalized living spaces. The aim of the study is to identify the mechanisms and features of the living space marginalization in Far Eastern cities and to develop a typology of marginalized living spaces in order to formulate scientifically based approaches to their reintegration into the urban structure. The study draws on data from a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes affecting the barracks housing, Khrushchev-eramicrodistrictsandabandonedresidentialbuildingslocatedin Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Irkutsk, and Yakutsk. The paper identifies the mechanisms of marginalization, particularly economic deprivation, infrastructure degradation, and the social stigmatization of spaces. Empirical studies have been conducted in the region's largest cities: Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Irkutsk and Yakutsk, each having their own unique features in historical, cultural and socioeconomic contexts. The article describes the mechanisms of marginalization, based on structural, spatial, social, and institutional factors. It has been found out that structural factors are linked with macroeconomic processes and the nature of regional policy. Key spatial factors include geographic location, transport accessibility and the quality of the urban environment, which in uence the appeal of the territories for investment and residence. Social factors, conditioned by migration, social mobility and identity formation, in uence the social structure of these territories and perpetuate the model of social exclusion.

The article presents the concept of the formation of health-preserving spots in suburban areas as new forms of recreational environment for health-preservation, communication and leisure, providing the example of a project in the city of Khabarovsk. The project aims to create a unique recreational area in a sharply continental climate and a city of an average population. The project expands the health-preserving opportunities of the urban population to restore health and relax all year round. The purpose of the study is to identify the needs and analyze the possibilities of using the available recreational spots of suburban areas of the city to create particular zones for recreation, sports and leisure. The theoretical foundation of the research is the works by K. Lorenz, E. Toffler and others. [Lorenz, 1998; Toffler, 2002]. The authors hypothesize the relationship of health-preserving opportunities with the formation of special comfortable spots. The paper uses sociological studies about health preserving traditions of city population conducted by a group of researchers of the N. A. Semashko Research Institute and our own research (two focus groups among residents of the city of Khabarovsk). The results of the interview showed that residents of Khabarovsk consider the idea of creating well-maintained special zones in the suburbs, where it is possible to spend free time with health benefits, attractive. The interdisciplinary approach allows us to view the issue from the city-sociological and architectural angles. The article discusses the need to develop a concept for the use of health-preserving spots and the creation of special conditions to address the issue. The authors propose specific organizational ways to build health-preserving spots in suburban areas.

The article presents analysis of inclusion of the health-saving spaces in the urban environment. Based on the analysis of the main theories and concepts that are the theoretical basis of the stated problem, the authors try to fi out the vernacular ideas of citizens about the role and purpose of the spaces in which they live, work, and rest. A relationship has been identifi between the presence or proximity of health-preserving spaces relative to vernacular areas and the assessment of the level of “well-being” of such areas. To confi their hypothesis, the authors use sociological research. In conclusion, it is concluded that the mental perception of residents of the city of Khabarovsk does not form a clear idea of a health-saving urban space. At the same time, patterns of health-saving behavior among city residents differ depending on their predominant location in different areas of the city of Khabarovsk.